【作者】 刘娟；

【导师】 顿官刚；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 翻译（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【副题名】以Study and Design of Azzour North Water Distribution Scheme的翻译为例

【摘要】 本文以Study and Design of Azzour North Water Distribution Scheme为例,分析科技英语文本中被动语态的主要类型及功能,并以英汉被动句对比为基础,研究科技英语中被动语态的汉译策略。Study and Design of Azzour North Water Distribution Scheme对配水工程的细节进行了规定说明。文本中的被动句可分为典型和非典型被动句两大类,其中典型被动句可分为未带施动者被动句和带施动者被动句,非典型被动句以状态被动句为主。使用被动语态,能把结构较长的施事移到句末以保持整个句子结构的平衡,能避免提及施事从而防止作者主观臆断,还能起到承上启下的作用,使话题得以持续发展。英汉被动句中主语均为动作承受者,动作的施事者则可省略,但英语施事的省略更为频繁；汉语没有形式主语,英语可用“it”做形式主语；英语通常用“by”引出施事,汉语则可用“被”、“由”、“经”、“受”等。研究结果表明,科技英语被动语态可转换为汉语的有主句和无主句；其中,有主句包括主动语态有主句、被动语态有主句以及判断结构“是……的”,无主句则可采用主译宾和主谓合译两种策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based upon an analysis of the main types and functions of passive voice in English for Science and Technology (EST) and a comparative study of English and Chinese passive voice, this thesis attempts to explore the strategies for the Chinese translation of passive voice in EST with special reference to the translation of Study and Design of Azzour North Water Distribution Scheme.In the source language text Study and Design of Azzour North Water Distribution Scheme, which gives a prescriptive description about the details of water distribution, there are two types of passive sentences. One is the prototypical, which include sentences with or without agents; and the other is the non-prototypical, which are mainly state passive sentences. The use of passive voice can keep the whole sentence balanced by moving the long structure of the agent to the end of it, avoids the author’s subjective assumption through not mentioning the agent, and serves as a connecting link between sentences so that the topic is extended.In both English and Chinese passive sentences, the subject is the patient and the agent can be omitted. But in English the agent is omitted more frequently. Chinese has no formal subject while English can use "it" as the formal subject. To introduce the agent, the preposition "by" is commonly used in English, while“被”,“由”,“经”or“受”,in Chinese.The research result shows that EST passive sentences can be converted into Chinese sentences with subjects, which include active and passive sentences with subjects and the judgment construction of“是……的”,or sentences without subjects, which can be achieved through two strategies, that is, translating the subject into the object or combining the two.更多还原