【作者】 马林；

【导师】 李建华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济全球化的发展，电子计算机和因特网的普及，计算机软件已经成为我们日常生活中必不可少的用品，软件产业也成为当今世界经济发展的一大支柱产业。良好的法律保护是这个产业发展的前提，而对于软件的法律保护，起初存在着争议，原因在于软件的一个重要法律特性：软件兼具作品性和功能性，作品性主要体现在软件是由计算机语言编写的，其源代码形态与文字作品十分相似，因此有人主张用著作权法保护软件；软件的功能性主要体现在软件的设计主要是解决日常生产生活中出现的实际问题，这也是软件主要价值的体现，因此有人主张用专利法或单独立法保护软件。作为当时软件产品最大出口国，美国为了本国软件企业的利益，选择并鼓动其他国家用著作权法保护软件作品，基于美国当时在全球的政治、经济、文化上的影响力，很快各国修订了本国的著作权法，将软件纳入著作权法保护范围。然而，随着软件的发展，著作权法保护软件的劣势慢慢体现出来，根据思想表达二分法，著作权法只保护作品的表达而不保护作品的思想，这就造成了仿制软件核心思想的侵权行为无法得到制裁。面对著作权法无法保护软件作品的核心思想的缺陷，人们想到了用专利法来弥补这一缺陷，但软件在很多人看来是一种数学算法、一种智力活动的规则和方法，而专利法不保护自然法则与智力活动的规则和方法，因此软件，至少是软件本身不能成为专利法保护客体。在笔者看来，软件本身不是数学算法，它是数学算法的表达，它也不是专利法上所称的“智力活动的规则和方法”，因为软件在设计完成后投入使用中并不需要人的智力活动参与其中，它和专利法的其他保护客体一样应该受到专利法保护。美国、日本和欧洲的专利法先后开放对软件产品进行保护，但保护的程度不同，美国和日本的专利法对软件的保护程度较高，欧洲则次之。经过多年的司法案例的考验和立法制度的改变，这些国家和地区都制定了适合本国软件发展的法律。我国由于计算机技术起步较晚，软件的专利法保护发展也较晚，但由于我国近些年来经济突飞猛进的发展，软件产业也得到了蓬勃发展，但专利法对软件的保护程度还是非常低，因此笔者在本文中创造性地对我国软件的专利法保护制度提出完善建议，其中包括将软件本身纳入专利法保护范围、对商业方法软件采取保护、缩短软件专利审查期限等，这些建议若被采纳将会给予软件更良好的专利法保护，为软件产业的更好、更快的发展提供全面的法律保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economic globalization, popularization of computersand the Internet, computer software has become indispensable in our daily lifeactivities, the software industry has become a pillar industry in the development ofthe world economy. Good legal protection is a prerequisite for the development ofthis industry.The legal protection of software is controversialinitially, for one ofimportant legal characters of software: software is both literary and functional.Theliterary characteris mainly reflected in the software is written by computer language,the source code form and literature are very similar, so some people advocate usingcopyright law to protect software; The functional character is mainly reflected insolving practical problems appeared in our daily life. The functional characterofsoftware is main value of software, so some people advocated patent law or separatelegislation to protect software. As the software product’s largest exporter, the USAselected and encouraged other countries to use copyright law to protect softwareworksforits software business interests.Since American had a big influence in globalpolitical, economic, cultural, and soon in the revision of the national copyright law,the software included in the scope of protection of copyright law. However, with thedevelopment of software, the copyright law to protect software weaknesses emerge,according to the dichotomy of ideas and expression, copyright law protects only theexpression works not protect the ideas in the works, which caused imitation softwarethe core idea of the infringement behavior can not be sanctions.Facing that copyright law can not protect the core idea of software, people thinkof using patent law to compensate for this deficiency, but the software in the eyes ofmany people is a mathematical algorithm, rules and methods for mentalactivities,while patent law does not protect the natural law and the rules and methodsfor mental activities, so the software, at least the software patent law itself can not bethe object of protection. In my opinion, the software itself is not a mathematicalalgorithm, which is the expression of mathematical algorithms, it is not "rules and methods for mental activities" on the alleged patent law, because the software afterthe design is completed and put into use does not require human intellectual activityinvolved, it and other protected subject matter of patent law should be protected aspatent law.United States, Japan and Europe has used patent law to protect software productswith different degree.The degree of protection to computer software of patent law inthe U.S. and Japan are higher than Europe. After changing the test and legislativesystem of judicial cases for many years, these countries have enacted laws suited totheir software development. Due to the late start of computer technology, thedevelopment of software patent law protection is also late, but due to the rapideconomic development in recent years in our country, the software industry has beenbooming, but the degree of protection of software patent law is still very low, so inthis article the author creatively patent law protection of suggestions to improve oursoftware, including the software itself will be included in the scope of protection ofpatent law, to take protective software for business methods, shortening the reviewperiod, such as software patents, these recommendations will be adopted if they aregive a better protection of software patent law, the software industry to better andfaster development of comprehensive legal protection.更多还原