【作者】 张可；

【导师】 李立丰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 社区矫正是一种在正常的社区环境中，利用社区资源对符合条件的罪犯进行监督管理和教育改造的非监禁刑罚方式。从19世纪末，由西方发达国家首次提出社区矫正理念，至今社区矫正制度已经在西方发达国家经历了100多年。而在这100多年的发展过程中，世界各国也纷纷意识到社区矫正在矫正、教育、挽救犯罪分子，以及维护社会和谐与稳定等方面所起到的举足轻重的作用。在我国，正式对社区矫正理论进行研究是在20世纪末。然而，我国真正开始对社区矫正进行实践探索是在2003年，北京、上海等部分地区以最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部联合下发的《关于开展社区矫正试点工作的通知》为依据，开始进行我国最初的社区矫正试点工作。而我国在不断开展社区矫正工作的过程中，也充分认识到推行社区矫正制度不仅符合我国建设和谐社会的发展要求，而且能体现我国以人为本，尊重和保护人权的发展理念。于是，从2011年社区矫正的概念首次出现在《刑法修正案(八)》中，到2012年《社区矫正实施办法》的正式施行，再到如今明确规定了社区矫正制度的新《刑事诉讼法》，都是我国的社区矫正制度正在逐步走向成熟的最好证明。目前，虽然我国社区矫正工作已经进入到全面开展的阶段，我们也积累了不少实践经验。但是，从社区矫正实践的具体情况来看，我们也发现统属不清、职责不明、工作效率低下，以及社区矫正队伍的人员数量不足、业务能力欠缺等一系列问题也在社区矫正工作的开展过程中不断显现出来。而这些问题都在一定程度上与社区矫正执行主体制度密切相关。因此本文以社区矫正执行主体为立足点，分四个部分来试着探讨出一些建议来完善我国社区矫正执行主体制度。首先，笔者简要介绍了目前我国社区矫正执行主体的立法现状和法律性质，以及北京市模式和上海市模式的实践现状；其次，根据目前我国社区矫正工作的实践现状，笔者总结出我国社区矫正执行主体存在的问题，并对产生这些问题的原因进行分析；再次，通过对美国和日本的社区矫正执行主体模式进行简要分析，从而得出根据我国国情可以予以借鉴的成功经验；最后，笔者从社区矫正执行主体的机构设置和社区矫正队伍的自身建设这两个层面，提出完善我国社区矫正执行主体制度的若干建议。笔者由衷地希望通过此文粗浅的研究，能在完善我国社区矫正执行主体制度过程中略尽绵薄之力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Community correction is a way of non-custodial sentences that it takes use ofthe community resources to take the supervision and education reform of thecriminals who meet the requirements in the normal community setting. From the endof the19th century, the concept of community correction was first to be proposed bythe Western developed countries. It has been100years since the communitycorrection system started. Countries all over the world have realized the importanceon educating and saving the criminals and maintaining the social harmony andstability during the last100years. So, the community correction system is graduallybecoming the development trend of the penalty systems in countries all over theworldIn our country, the formal study of community correction theory is at the end ofthe20th century. Since2003, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the SupremePeople’s Court, Ministry of Public Security and Ministry of Justice jointly issued thenotice of developing pilot job on community correction, there are many achievementsof our theoretical study and practice on community correction. In this process, wefully recognized that the implementation of community correction system met therequirements of building a harmonious society development. It can’t only embody ourpeople-oriented，but also respect for and protect the development concept of humanrights. So, the concept of community correction was first to be written in CriminalLaw Amendment (viii), and then the measures for the implementation of communitycorrection worked in2012. In addition, the community correction system was clearlystipulated in the new criminal procedural law in2012. These laws fully prove that ourcommunity correction system is gradually becoming more mature.At present, although the work of community correction in our country hasentered the stage of fully operational, we have accumulated a lot of experience.However, the community correction system in the actual operation also exposes someproblems. In practice, the responsibilities of various departments are not clear andspecific, their working efficiencies are great low. As well as, the work team ofcommunity correction is suffering a shortage of staff and the ability to work. These problems are closely related to the implementing subject of community correction inChina.Therefore, this paper is divided into four parts on the analysis of the lack of theimplementing subject of community correction mode in current China. This papercombines with domestic and foreign relevant experience of the implementing subjectof community correction. The paper tries to make the suggestions to improve ourcountry’s implementing subject of community correction mode. In the first part, thepaper describes the status of the implementing subject of community correction andlegal nature. As well as, it also introduces the status of implementation of the Beijingand Shanghai Mode. In the second part, according to the status of communitycorrection to carry out the work currently, I summed up the problem of theimplementing subject of community correction in our country. And I make ananalysis on the reasons of these problems. In the third part, this paper analyses thestatus of the implementing subject of community correctionthe of United States andJapan Mode. In the fourth part, this paper proposes some ideas about reconstructionof the implementing subject of community correction in China. It is necessary tomake the implementing subject of community correction clearly and build a perfectteam of community correction. Finally, I’m looking forward to doing some work tothe development of community correction in our country.更多还原