【作者】 李丹丹；

【导师】 徐跃进；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验用甘蓝型油菜(AACC)雄性不育系作为母本、大白菜自交系(AA)做轮回父本,蕾期远缘杂交获得异源三倍体杂种(AAC)。在确定杂种真实性后,用大白菜继续回交,从回交后代BC2中成功筛选出大白菜单体异附加系,并运用核型分析和SSR分子标记对其进行鉴定。同时将甘蓝型油菜胞质不育基因转移到大白菜中,为大白菜不育系的选育提供中间材料。主要研究结果如下：1.对甘蓝型油菜和大白菜进行亲和性调查,统计其结荚率和结籽率。结果表明,甘蓝型油菜与大白菜种间杂交具有较高的亲和性,田间自然条件下能够收获大量种子,并随着不断的回交,结荚率与结籽率不断提高。2.采用多种方法对杂种真实性进行鉴定,结果表明,杂种一代的植物学性状与母本甘蓝型油菜表现相似,同时在花期均表现不育,且败育性状表现一致,无可见花粉；染色体压片观察发现杂种染色体数目均为29条,是双亲的平均值；SSR鉴定结果显示杂种能够扩增出双亲的特异性条带。3.通过染色体压片进行单体异附加系的筛选,BC1代植株中单体异附加系并未发现,而双单体异附加系出现概率较高,采用核型分析法从双单体异附加系的回交后代中成功筛选出大白菜-甘蓝型油菜C基因组6号单体异附加系,利用甘蓝型油菜C连锁群特异SSR标记进一步鉴定表明,该单体异附加系中的外源染色体与甘蓝型油菜C6连锁群相对应,暂编为AA+C6。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment, BC1and BC2populations were derived from a distant hybridization between cabbage type rappe (Brassica napus) and Chinese cabbage (B. compestris ssp. pekinensis), using the latter as recurrent parent. A Chinese cabbage with cabbage type rape monosomic alien addition line was identified from the BC2population through karyotype analysis and SSR marker analysis. While we transfer to cytoplasmic male sterility genes in cabbage type rappe to Chinese cabbage, and provide an intermediate material for breeding of male sterile lines in Chinese Cabbage. The main findings are as follows:1. The results of seed setting showed that Chinese cabbage have a high cross-compatibility with Brassica napus. There is a large number of hybrid seeds produced under natural field conditions. In addition, with the increase of backcross generations, fruiting rate and seed setting rate is also rising.2. Various methods are used for the identification of hybrids, the results show that botany and abortive characters of hybrid is similar to Brassica napus. Therefore, botanical characters cannot identify true and false hybrids. The chromosome number of hybrid is29, which is the average of parents. The results of SSR identification showed that the hybrids amplified specific bands of parents.3. By chromosome tableting technique, monosomic alien addition lines has not found in BC1plants. While the double monosomic alien Addition Lines has a high frequency in BC1plants. A Chinese cabbage with cabbage type rape monosomic alien addition line was identified from the BC2population through karyotype analysis. SSR marker analysis showed that the monosomic alien addition line was introduced from C-chromosome6of cabbage type rape.更多还原