【作者】 陈星；

【导师】 刘星；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络(WSN)作为新兴的网络测控技术,是能够自主实现数据采集、融合和传输应用的智能网络应用系统。无线传感器网络使逻辑上的信息世界与真实的物理世界紧密结合,从而真正实现“无处不在的计算"模式。无线传感器网络无论是在国防还是在国民经济的各个领域均有着广阔的应用前景。无线传感器网络中电池能量是每个节点最宝贵的资源,如何高效使用能量来最大化网络的生命周期和维持能量的持续供应是设计的一个重要原则。对于自组织的无线传感器网络而言,网络拓扑控制对网络性能影响很大。良好的拓扑结构除了能够提高路由协议和MAC协议的效率外,其另外的一个重要目标就是在保证网络连通性和覆盖度的情况下,尽量合理高效的使用网络能源,延长网络的生存时间。本文详细分析了WSN的各种拓扑控制算法,针对各种算法的优缺点进行了综合比较。在拓扑控制的基础上,围绕高效使用网络能量,尽可能长的延长网络生命周期来研究,在LEACH算法的基础上进行改进,提出了LEACH-N算法。LEACH-N算法从簇头选举、簇区划分和通信稳定三个阶段对LEACH算法进行了改进,充分考虑的节点的剩余能量、连通度等因素,使簇区划分更均匀,均衡网络能量的消耗,延长网络的生命周期。最后,使用NS2仿真软件对两种算法进行仿真。从网络的生命周期、系统整体能量消耗和汇聚节点接收的数据量三个方面进行比较,结果表明,LEACH-N算法能有效地节省网络能量,延长网络生命周期,在一定程度上解决了LEACH算法能量利用率低的问题,达到了改进的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an emerging network measurement and control technology, Wireless sensor network is an intelligent network application system that can independently realize data acquisition, fusion and transmission application. Wireless sensor network ties the logical information and the physical world tightly together, and really realizes "the ubiquitous computing" mode. Wireless sensor network has broad application prospect whether in the field of national defense or in the field of national economy.Wireless sensor network’s battery energy is the most precious resource of each node, and how to use energy efficiently to maximize the network life cycle and maintain a continuous supply of energy is an important principle of design. For self-organizing wireless sensor networks, network topology has a great effect on the network’s performance. Good topology structure not only improves the efficiency of routing protocol and MAC protocol, another important goal is to use energy efficiently, prolong the network life time while the network connectivity and coverage is guaranteed.This paper analyzes the various topology control algorithm of WSN in detail, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each kind of algorithm by synthesis. On the basis of topology control, the paper studies how to use energy efficiently, to prolong the network lifetime as long as possible, and propose the LEACH-N algorithm based on the LEACH algorithm. The improved algorithm improves the LEACH from the aspects of cluster head election, cluster district division and stable communication stage, and gives full consideration of surplus energy, connectivity of the node and other factors. It makes the divided cluster district more equally, balance the network energy consumption and prolong the life cycle of the system. Finally, the paper simulates the two algorithms by using the NS2simulation software. Compare the two algorithms from the aspects of life cycle of network, system overall energy consumption and data volume received by SINK. The results show that the LEACH-N algorithm can save the network energy effectively, prolong the network life cycle, solves the problem of the LEACH algorithm’s low energy utilization ratio in a certain extent, and reaches the purpose of improvement.更多还原