【作者】 张丹；

【导师】 牛盾； 张巍；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 化学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 实验在15℃下培养了两种耐低温硝化菌,经过固、液培养基的交替培养纯化了菌种。采用革兰氏染色,平板计数,BIOLOG,PCR等手段对菌种进行了鉴定。将纯化后的菌种分别投加至活性污泥和人工湿地中,观察菌种在净化生活污水时的作用,并用显微镜观察活性污泥和人工湿地中的生物相。实验结果表明：这两种菌均为杆菌,呈乳白色,光滑,湿润,中间隆起,不透明,无核,边缘整齐,都是革兰氏阴性菌,菌种的液态培养基中X菌的浓度是7.5×104个/mL,Y菌的浓度是6.7×104个/mL。通过BIOLOG和PCR综合分析,可以初步认为X菌是门多萨假单胞杆菌,Y菌是阴沟肠杆菌。在活性污泥中投加自制菌种时,氨氮的去除率明显提高,最高达到60%,比未添加的高10%-30%,COD的去除率也比未投加菌种的高,最高达到85%；在快速启动方面,投加了自制菌种的活性污泥比未添加菌种的污泥提前3d成熟,自制菌种比购买的普罗菌剂启动速度快,效果好；在人工湿地中投加自制菌时,对于氨氮的去除率可以稳定在40%左右,比未添加菌种的氨氮去除率普遍高10%-15%,对于总氮也有一定的去除,同时系统对COD也有着较好的去除率,维持在80%左右。上述实验表明自制菌具有硝化能力,并且与有机异养菌有协同作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two kinds of low temperature nitrifying bacterias are cultivated by solid medium and liquid medium.The purified bacterias are added to the activated sludge and the constructed wetland. We observe the nitrification of the bacterias in the domestic wastewater and use the microscopic to see the biological phase in the sets. The bacterias are identified by Gram stain, plate counts, BIOLOG and PCR identification.The results indicate that the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the adding self-made bacteria system is increased to60%, and its COD removal rate is increased to85%. These two indicators are higher than the sludge system without self-made bacterias. In the quick start, the self-made bacterias can start in the fifth day. The sludge with self-made bacterias are three days earlier than the sludge without the strains. And the self-made bacterias are better than the BE bacteria which is purchased. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the adding self-made bacteria wetland can stabilize at40%, and it is10%-15%higher than the wetland without the self-made bacterias. The bacterias have effect on the total nitrogen and COD at the same time. The experiments show that the self-made bacterias have the nitrification ability and the synergy with the organic heterotrophic bacterias. According to a series of means, these two bacterias are milk white, smooth, moist, intermediate uplift, non-nuclear, opaque, neat edges and Gram-negative bacteria. The concentration of the X strain in the liquid medium is7.5×104per mL, the Y bacteria is6.7×104per mL. The BIOLOG and PCR identificate that the X bacteria is Pseudomonas Mendoza and the Y bacteria is Enterobacter cloacae.更多还原