【作者】 王全福；

【导师】 段铁群；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国内河航运的迅猛发展，对船用起重机需求量不断增大，开发适用于中小型船舶上甲板空间狭窄场合的折叠臂式起重机的必要性日益凸显。目前，国内对于折叠臂式船用起重机的研究很少，在船用起重机吊臂失效类型中，吊臂变形及腹板压溃所占比重很大。本文将从起重机的运动学、动力学、所受载荷以及吊臂变形等方面进行研究。本文在充分了解了船用起重机的工作环境的前提下，对起重机进行了运动分析、动力学及载荷分析；根据起重机所受的载荷进行了吊臂变形分析；根据起重机的使用频率，结合起重机工况，对起重机的液压系统进行了设计；在理论分析的基础上对起重机进行了总体设计，同时完成了起重机关键零部件的结构设计。针对额定起重量为2吨的起重机，利用Solidworks进行了起重机模型的建立，实现了起重机设计的实体化、可视化，同时也提高了设计效率，缩短了设计、修改、完善的周期。借助于ADAMS对起重机进行了动力学分析，得到了起重机在起升载荷为2吨时的基本臂加速度的变化曲线，通过对曲线变化趋势的分析，得出加速度的变化趋势与运动分析所得到的变化规律相吻合的结论。最后，借助于ANSYS/Workbench对起重机受载后吊臂的应力和变形进行了有限元分析，得到了在额定起重量、不同变幅角度条件下吊臂的变形和应力云图，并将分析结果进行了拟合，得到在起重量相同的条件下，吊臂变形与变幅角度的关系。本文通过对船用起重机吊臂加速度以及变形的研究，得到了吊臂加速度与变幅角度的关系，及相同起重载荷作用下吊臂应力和变形量与变幅角度的关系，为同类型起重机的设计与研究提供了一定的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the inland waterway transportation, there is anincreasing demand for marine crane, and it is becoming more and more necessary todevelop a folding type marine crane which is suitable for the occasion of narrowspace on the small or middle ship’s deck. So far, there are very few researches on thefolding type marine crane. Boom deformed and web crashed account for a significantproportion in the forms of the cranes’ damages. This paper primarily researched thekinematics, dynamics，load status and boom deformation of the crane.According to the marine crane’s working condition, the kinematics and dynamicsanalysis of the crane are carried out in this paper, as well as its load analysis.According to the load of the crane, the booms’ deflection analysis has been done.Hydraulic system of the crane is designed based on its using frequency and workingcondition. On the basis of theoretical analysis of the crane, the overall design and thekey parts’ structure design of the crane have been completed. A crane, whose ratedlifting weight is two tons, is established by Solidworks, which makes the design ofcrane materialization, visualization, and improves the efficiency of the crane design,shortens the cycle of crane’ design, modification and optimization. The crane’dynamics analysis has been made by ADAMS, and the acceleration’s changing curveof the basic boom with hoisting load of2t is obtained. It indicates that the changingtrend of the acceleration is consistent with the result of the movement analysis.Finally, the stress and deformation analysis of the booms with rated lifting weightsare made by ANSYS/Workbench. The deformation and stress contours of the boomswhich work in rated lifting weight and different amplitude angles are got, and therelationship between deformation and different amplitude angles is obtained byfitting the data of the deformation contours.Based on the research of the booms’ acceleration and deformation of the marinecrane, the relationship between acceleration of booms and amplitude angles is got, aswell as the relationship between the stress of booms and amplitude angles under thesame load, which provides some reference for the further research of the folding type marine crane.更多还原