【作者】 王璐；

【导师】 陈伟芳； 陈丽华；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 高超声速飞行器设计（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 在由热化学非平衡效应控制的高温区,空气和再入弹头防热材料的烧蚀产物会发生一系列的化学反应,从而对等离子体鞘套内各种组分的质量浓度、电子数密度以及压力、密度、温度、壁面热流等产生了不可忽视的影响,进而影响了目标的辐射和电磁散射特性,因此准确预测再入弹头烧蚀状态下的热化学非平衡流场对发展导弹突防技术和目标识别技术意义重大。烧蚀状态下的热化学非平衡流场的数值模拟不仅需要研究热化学非平衡流场的计算方法,还需要考虑烧蚀产物对流场的影响,而烧蚀产物的计算又与防热材料的壁面温度密切相关。基于上面的分析,本文依次研究了以下四个方面的内容：固体温度场数值模拟、碳基复合材料烧蚀机理及工程算法、热化学非平衡流场数值模拟和固体温度场—烧蚀—非平衡流场的耦合方法。本文采用热平衡法编制了固体温度场数值模拟软件,并针对三维长方体算例进行了计算和分析,计算结果表明该软件的计算误差在0.4%以内,具有很高的计算精度;采用工程算法编制了碳基复合材料烧蚀计算软件,并针对驻点烧蚀退化算例进行了计算和分析,计算结果表明该软件的计算误差在15%以内,具有很高的计算精度；在项目组已有的热化学非平衡流场数值模拟软件中加入了碳基复合材料烧蚀产物与空气的化学反应模型,并采用双温模型针对三维球锥算例进行了计算和分析,计算结果表明该软件具有很高的计算精度。在上述工作的基础上,本文进一步研究了固体温度场—烧蚀一非平衡流场的耦合数值模拟方法,并将上述三套独立的计算软件耦合在一起形成了一套完整的烧蚀状态下碳基复合材料非平衡流场与固体温度场耦合数值模拟软件,然后在作者自己给定的计算模型、计算条件和初始条件下使用此耦合软件进行了数值模拟,并对计算结果进行了详细的展示和分析。计算结果表明本耦合数值模拟软件的计算结果符合物理和化学规律,这在一定程度上说明了本耦合数值模拟软件的计算准确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the high temperature zone controlled by thermal and chemical non-equilibrium effects, air and ablation protective materials will take place a series of reactions, which will have non-negligible effects on the mass concentration of the various components of the plasma sheath, electron number density, pressure, density, temperature and wall heat, and also have a serious impact to the target radiation and electromagnetic scattering properties, in this sense, it is of utter important for the development of missile penetration and target recognition technology to predict the thermochemical non-equilibrium ablation flow field of reentry warhead.The numerical simulation of thermochemical non-equilibrium ablation flow field not only need to study the calculation method of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow field, but also need to consider the impact of the ablation products, and the calculation of ablation products is closely related to the wall temperature of heat-resistant material. Based on the above analysis, this paper studied successively the following four aspects:the numerical simulation of solid temperature field, the ablation mechanism and engineering algorithm of carbon-based composite material, the numerical simulation of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow field and solid temperature field-ablation-nonequilibrium flow field coupling method.In this paper, solid temperature field numerical simulation software is compiled with heat balance method and is applied to calculate the3D rectangular numerical example, the results show that the calculation error is less than0.4%; The carbon-based composite material ablation calculation software is compiled with engineering algorithm and is applied to calculate the stagnation ablation degradation example, the results show that the calculation error is less than15%; The chemical reaction model of carbon-based composite material ablation and air mixtures is added to the existing thermochemical non-equilibrium numerical simulation software which is applied to calculate the3D spherical cone example, the results show that the software has a very high accuracy.On the basis of the above work, this paper further studies the solid temperature field-ablation-nonequilibrium How field coupled numerical simulation method and coupled the three sets of independent software together to form a complete coupling numerical simulation software of non-equilibrium flow and solid temperature field of carbon-based materials under ablative conditions, and then used this software to calculate a spherical head model under calculation conditions given by myself. The results meet the physical law and chemical law. which proves the accuracy of this coupling numerical simulation software to some extent.更多还原