【作者】 王玥；

【导师】 韩志东；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 材料学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 水滑石(Layered Double Hydroxides, LDH)是近年来发展迅速的一类层间为阴离子的粘土材料，因具有层板可调控性、层间阴离子可交换性、良好的热稳定性以及阻燃性能而备受瞩目，被称为新一代“绿色”阻燃剂。本文采用共沉淀法、离子交换法和焙烧重构法分别以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸(CEPPA)为改性剂制备改性水滑石，采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和热重分析(TGA)对水滑石的结构和热分解行为进行了表征；以熔融法和母料法制备了以聚乙烯(PE)和马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PEgMA)为基体的复合材料，并以XRD、SEM、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、差热扫描量热仪(DSC)和TGA对复合材料的结构、结晶和热降解行为进行了探讨；同时，将水滑石用于膨胀阻燃聚烯烃，评价了阻燃材料的阻燃性能和力学性能。研究结果表明：(1)采用共沉淀法、离子交换法和焙烧重构法以SDS和CEPPA为改性剂成功制备了改性水滑石，层间距从改性前的0.8nm分别增加到2.7nm和1.2nm左右；(2)与熔融法相比，采用母料法可促进LDH及改性LDH在聚烯烃中的剥离和分散，成功获得了PE/PEgMA/SDS-LDH和PE/PEgMA/CEPPA-LDH纳米复合材料，纳米复合材料表现出较好的结晶性能和热稳定性能；(3)在膨胀阻燃聚烯烃中，与LDH相比，CEPPA-LDH能够显著提高阻燃性能，而SDS-LDH有利于提高材料的力学性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) as a kind of layered anion inorganicmaterial have been developing fast in recent years. Much attention has been paidto its applications as green fire retardants thanks to its regulated structure, ionexchangeability, thermal stability and flame retardant properties.Mg-Al LDH was modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and2-carboxyethyl (phenyl) phosphinic acid (CEPPA) by co-precipitation, ion-exchange and regeneration method. The structure and thermal decompositionbehaviors of modified LDHs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Polyolefin based composites wereprepared by melt-blending method and master-bathch method, respectively. Thestructure, crystallization and thermal degradation behaviors of composites wereinvestigated by XRD, SEM, transimission electron microscopy (TEM),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and TGA. Modified LDHs were appliedin intumescent flame retardant PE, whose properties were evaluated in terms offlame retardant property and mechanical property.The results reveal that modified LDH with SDS and CEPPA can besuccessfully prepared by coprecipitation method, ion exchange method andregeneration method. The interlayer distances of modified LDHs are2.7nm(SDS-LDH) and1.2nm (CEPPA-LDH), larger than LDH (0.8nm). With modifiedLDH, nanocomposites based on polyethylene (PE) and maleic anhydride graftedPE (PEgMA), PE/PEgMA/SDS-LDH and PE/PEgMA/CEPPA-LDH, are obtainedby master-batch method which is confirmed to promote the delamination anddispersion of LDH and modified LDH in polyolefin matrix in comparison withmelt-blending method. Nanocomposites show well crystallization and thermal stability. In intumescent flame retardant polyolefin, CEPPA-LDH improves theflame retardant property while SDS-LDH favours the mechanical property.更多还原