【作者】 高超；

【导师】 朴胜春；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 水声工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 浮标系统在海洋科学研究领域中担负着重要的职能，是各种海洋观测调查、海洋科学研究的有效工具和手段，水声浮标系统可以准确采集到声学信息和其他信息，是水声科学研究的重要工具。本文为了满足某海洋声场测量的实验需求，按照海洋声场实验技术指标设计并实现了一种实用性强、稳定可靠、性价比高、可重复使用的四通道水声浮标系统。本文对浮标系统的设计主要包括浮标标体设计、自容式信号调理与数据采集存储电路设计、软件设计三部分。其中，本文选用了PVC-U材质设计浮标标体，并对其结构进行设计，使浮标标体质量轻、耐腐蚀、水密性能好、易于布放回收、在海水中姿态平稳可靠。自容式信号调理与数据采集存储电路是本文的核心部分，信号调理电路包括放大、滤波、差分三部分，本文设计这三部分全部用低功耗、低噪声的双运放芯片LT6011设计实现。数据采集存储电路使用的ARM芯片为32位STM32系列芯片，芯片功耗低，可控制模/数转换芯片ADS1274进行采集并存储到TF卡中。浮标中安置了GPS模块，可以通过GPS秒脉冲对ARM芯片进行精确的授时，GPS信息被保存到TF卡的同时通过无线传输模块将GPS信息实时上传到接收船的上位机中。系统可通过更改TF卡中的配置文件，对采样率和工作模式件进行更改，本文着重论述了这部分的软件设计。本文最后对浮标系统进行全面的测试测量以及水池实验和海上实验，系统使用方便、稳定可靠，采集到的数据良好，达到了预期目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Undertaking important functions in the field of oceans scientific research, the buoysystem is an effective tool and mean of various oceans observation. As an important tool ofunderwater acoustic science research, the underwater acoustic buoy system can be effectivelyacquired acoustic and other information. In order to fit the experimental requirements in acertain oceans sound field, a practical, reliable, cost-effective, reusable underwater acousticbuoy system which has four channels is designed and implemented.The design in this paper consists of three parts: buoy body, self-contained signalpreconditioning and data acquisition storage circuit, and the software. The structure of thebuoy body which uses PVC-U material is designed. This kind of structure has a lot ofadvantages, such as light weight, corrosion-resistant, good watertight performance, easylaying and recycling and so on, also has a stable and reliable posture in the seawater. As thecore part of this paper, self-contained signal preconditioning and data acquisition storagecircuit selects dual op amp chip LT6011with the low-power and low-noise which isresponsible for the signal preconditioning circuit design. The signal preconditioning circuitincludes pre-amplification, filtering and differential output amplification. While for the dataacquisition storage circuit, a32-bit STM32series ARM chip is used to control theanalog-to-digital conversion chip ADS1274which can acquire the differential output signaland store them to TF card. Moreover, placed in buoy system, the GPS module providesaccurate time by GPS second pulse to the ARM chip. So that GPS information is saved to TFcard and at the same time transmitted via wireless transmission module to the host computeron the receiving ship. The buoy system can change the sample rate and operating mode bychanging the configuration file in the TF card, of which the software design is discussed indetail in this paper.Finally, through the test, tank experiment and sea experiment, this buoy system is provedto be easy to use, reliable. The acquired data is well. As a result, this buoy system achieves thedesign requirements.更多还原