【作者】 张鹏；

【导师】 余健；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 市政工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在综述国内外城市供水系统的水力水质监测点研究现状的基础上，以G市某管网为研究对象，分别对供水管网水力监测点、常规水质监测点和突发污染水质监测点展开研究。针对G市某管网的水力监测点选址研究分别从流量监测点优化选址和压力监测点优化选址进行研究。由管网系统的基本状态方程分别推导出流量和压力的灵敏度，对它们进行相似模糊聚类分别得出管网流量与压力的灵敏度分组结果。最后寻找它们经过模糊聚类分组后的聚类中心，分别作为管网的流量监测点和压力监测点。并使用Matlab语言编程模糊聚类算法求解G市某管网水力监测点优化布置问题。结果表明经过模糊聚类法确定的管网流量监测点和压力监测点的位置与经验选址的位置相吻合。针对供水管网的常规水质监测点选址研究采用覆盖水量法求解时存在的缺陷，对其进行改进。以节点余氯浓度和管段流量共同表征节点的水质，采用管段流量建立管网水质矩阵，确定一覆盖标准以确定管网覆盖矩阵，综合考虑节点的余氯浓度对常规水质监测点布置结果的影响。采用G市某管网算例进行分析，使用Matlab中工具箱的bintprog函数求解常规水质监测点布置问题。结果表明，相比于传统覆盖水量法，考虑余氯浓度影响的覆盖水量法求解管网水质监测点布置虽然总覆盖率几乎相同，可是由其确定的作为水质监测点的节点处余氯浓度较小，因此更能反映出管网的水质变化情况。针对供水管网的突发污染水质监测点选址研究采用覆盖集法求解时存在的缺陷，对其进行改进。以布置水质监测装置的节点处发生污染事件概率累加值最大为目标的数学规划模型，并定义了一个全新的概念——报警域，分析了在管网中不同节点处注入污染物的水质监测点选址问题。采用G市某管网算例进行分析，与传统的覆盖集法相比，随着水质监测点数量的增加，改进的突发污染水质监测点选址模型确定的最优布点方案唯一，并且确定作为水质监测点的节点处发生污染事件的概率值更大，因此确定的水质监测点布置方案更加合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The history situation of the hydraulic and water quality monitoring stations in municipal water networks’ research and development are reviewed in this paper. Base on this, taking water networks’ research of G city for example, the contents of this paper’s research mainly include hydraulic monitoring stations, conventional water quality monitoring stations and unconventional water quality monitoring stations.The contents of hydraulic monitoring stations’research mainly include flow measurement station and pressure monitoring points. Flow and pressure sensitivity are derived by the basic equation of pipeline system, and they are solved by fuzzy cluster analysis. At last the clustering centers were found after fuzzy cluster grouping. So, the result of flow measurement station and pressure monitoring points are known. G city’s network case study shows that optimal location of hydraulic monitoring station, which is solved by Matlab programming, is in conformity with the experience.To overcome the disadvantage of current study of optimal locations of conventional water quality monitoring station, which was used by coverage method. A modification of water coverage based method was proposed in this paper. We use both the concentration of chlorine and section of the flow to reflect the water quality of node, and use section of the flow to reflect the water quality matrix to establish the coverage matrix. In order to prove chlorine concentration effect on the arrangement of water quality monitoring results. G city’s network case study shows that result of covering method which was impacted by chlorine concentration is almost the same, compared to traditional cover water method, but the water quality monitoring stations have lower chlorine concentration, whose water quality monitoring stations is solved by bintprog in Matlab. So it can reflect the network quality much more precisely.To overcome the disadvantage of current study of optimal locations of unconventional water quality monitoring station, which was used by covering set method, a modification of covering set method was proposed in this paper. We use an optimal model to maximize cumulative value of nodes’ pollution incidents probability after detecting the alarm collection, which were regarded as water quality monitoring device, in order to analyze the result with different node injection location. G city’s network case study shows that compared to traditional covering set method, the only result was obtained by improvement of detecting accidental contaminations with the increase of the number of monitoring stations, and contamination also took place in the water quality monitoring stations more easily. As a result, modification of covering set based method was more reasonable.更多还原