【作者】 李鹏；

【导师】 胡宗义；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 数量经济学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，城乡收入差距不断扩大对我国社会经济所产生的不利影响进一步显现，越来越多的研究者将目光聚焦于城乡收入差距产生的根本原因及其传导路径。经过多年的辛勤探索，学者们成功地论证了多种因素对城乡收入差距所产生的影响及其作用机理，但关于金融效率对收入差距影响的研究仍略显不足。而金融是现代经济的核心，金融资源可以通过在城乡之间的不均衡流动来扩大城乡收入差距。因此，本文尝试从农村金融效率的视角出发，运用空间计量方法研究农村金融效率的变动对各地区城乡居民收入差距的影响，既具有理论意义，也具有现实意义。全文共分为六部分。第一部分，通过研究文献，归纳总结了前人的研究方法与结论；第二部分，文0章从理论上界定了农村金融效率和城乡收入差距的含义，阐述了农村金融效率对城乡收入差距影响的作用机理及其传导路径，得出金融资源循着“农村金融效率低下—城乡金融二元发展—信贷配给—信贷逆流—资本收益和劳动工资—城乡收入差距”的路径产生作用的结论，为后文研究提供了理论支撑；第三部分，文章运用相关统计指标对城乡金融发展水平和城乡收入差距的现状进行分析，从横向和纵向两个维度剖析了各地区农村金融发展状况和城乡收入差距的演变过程；第四部分，文章通过设立评价指标体系全面地评价了各地区农村金融发展状况，运用典型相关方法对多元体系进行降维，运用数据包络分析方法对农村金融资源投入产出进行效率分析，得出了我国1998-2010年各地区农村金融效率值；第五部分，文章运用空间计量模型中的Moran指数和LIZA图分别从整体和局部考察了我国城乡收入差的演变历程和空间布局，然后运用三种空间计量模型分析了农村金融效率对城乡收入差距所产生的影响；最后，根据前文得出的结论，提出相应的政策建议。文章得出的主要结论有：(1)我国农村金融资源总量逐年递增,农村金融资源溢出率也随之逐步提高，各地区农村金融发展程度存在显著差异；从整体来看，我国城乡收入差距逐步扩大，区域之间城乡收入差距显著不同。(2)从整体上看，在“农村金融新政”实施以来，我国农村金融效率有了显著提升；从区域情况来看，中东部地区的农村金融效率普遍高于西部地区，农村金融效率呈现出明显的空间集群分布状态。(3)城乡收入比呈现出东低西高的空间分布状态，空间集群效应明显；同时，农村金融效率提高可以对缩减城乡收入差距产生显著影响，空间因素对城乡收入差距的影响也十分明显。文章主要创新点在于：(1)通过建立CCA-DEA模型系统地考察各地区农村正规金融效率；(2)通过构建空间计量模型，将地理空间因素纳入农村金融效率对城乡收入差距影响的考察当中。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the adverse impact of urban-rural income gap to social economy becomes increasingly apparent, researchers are focusing on the radical causes of the urban-rural income gap and its conduction path in China. After years of industrious exploration, the researchers have successfully demonstrated the effect and its mechanism of a variety of factors generated by the urban-rural income gap. However, research on the impact of financial efficiency to income gap is still inadequate. Finance is the core of modern economy, financial resources can widen the income gap between urban and rural residents by uneven flowing between urban and rural areas. This paper measure the impact of rural financial efficiency to urban-rural income gap. The text is divided into six parts. First of all, this paper summarized the methods and conclusions of previous studies by researching literature. The second part, this paper define the meaning of the rural financial efficiency and urban-rural income gap, then illustrate the mechanism and its conduction path between the rural financial efficiency and urban-rural income gap, come to a conclusion that rural financial efficiency follow the path "inefficient rural finance-binary development of urban and rural finance-credit rationing-credit counter current-capital gains and labor wages-urban-rural income gap" impacting on urban-rural income gap. Part Ⅲ, this paper use various statistical indicators to analyze the status of urban and rural financial development and the urban-rural income gap, analysis of the evolution of rural financial development and urban-rural income gap from both horizontal and vertical dimensions. Part IV, this paper have a comprehensive study of rural finance development by establishing evaluation index system, using Canonical correlation methods to reduce dimension of the pluralist system, using DEA methods analysis rural financial input-output efficiency, obtain the value of rural financial efficiency from1998to2010in China. Part V, this paper use Moran index and LIZA diagram analysis evolution and spatial layout of China’s urban-rural income gap from the global and local effects respectively, then use three kinds of spatial econometric model to analyze the impact of rural financial efficiency to urban-rural income gap. Finally, this paper make the corresponding policy recommendations according to the previously conclusion. The paper concluded:1.The total amount of rural financial resources has increased year by year, but the overflow rate of rural financial resources also gradually increased. There are significant differences in degree of financial development in rural areas. Overall, the urban-rural income gap in China is gradually expanding, income gap in different areas are significantly different.2.On the whole, China’s rural financial efficiency has been significantly improved since the implementation of the Rural Finance Deal. Rural financial efficiency situation in the eastern part of is generally higher than that in western region, and it showing obvious unevenly distributed state in different areas.3.The urban-rural income ratio is high in the west and low in the east and space cluster effect is significant. The improvement of rural financial efficiency can reduce the gap between urban and rural area, the influence of space factors on the impact of the income gap is also obvious. The main innovation of the article lies in:1. Studying the rural formal financial efficiency by establishing CCA-DEA model;2. Measuring the impact of rural financial efficiency to urban-rural income gap by constructing spatial econometric model.更多还原