【作者】 王丹；

【导师】 夏建国；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 为探讨名山县稻田改成茶园后上壤铁的分布特征及其有效性,本文以名山县不同植茶年限的茶园上壤为研究对象,以未种茶的稻田土壤为参照,采取野外调查和内业分析的方法,研究了植茶年限和土地利用方式改变对茶园上壤各形态铁的含量、分布特征以及茶园土壤有效性的影响,为茶园土壤的管理施肥提供理论依据。研究结果表明：1、茶园土壤中全铁含量(25.86g/kg～27.88g/kg)、游离氧化铁含量(7.91g/kg～8.86g/kg)、晶质铁(4.29g/kg-6.36g/kg)低于参照上样稻田土壤的全铁(27.79g/kg)、游离氧化铁含量(9.22g/kg)和晶质铁(6.46g/kg)。茶园土壤中的无定型氧化铁、络合态铁含量在植茶初期含量低于稻田土,在植茶后期茶园土壤的无定型氧化铁和络合铁高于稻田土的含量。2、茶园上壤各形态铁的时间分布特征：茶园上壤全铁、游离氧化铁和晶质铁随着植茶年限的延长而减少,与植茶年限显著的负相关,这与茶树对上壤铁的吸收有关。茶园土壤无定型氧化铁、络合铁则随着植茶时间的延长而增加,植茶年限与无定型氧化铁和络合铁显著正相关。3、茶园土壤各形态铁的空间分布特征：在0-60cm的上层上,各植茶年限的茶园土壤土壤全铁、无定型氧化铁、络合铁、有效铁均出现了表聚现象,呈现出随着上层深度的增加而减少的趋势,而游离氧化铁则表现向下聚集的规律。4、茶园上壤有效铁含量范围28.09mg/kg-38.79mg/kg,低于稻田上壤有效铁含量。随着植茶时间的延长,茶园土壤有效铁含量逐渐增加,在土层剖面上,有效铁呈现随着土层深度增加而减少的趋势。土壤PH、有机质和阳离子交换量对土壤有效铁影响较大通过逐步回归分析发现茶园土壤中无定型氧化态铁和络合态铁是土壤有效铁的主要供给形态,对茶树供铁具有重要作用。5、茶园上壤中氧化铁变化主要受上壤pH、有机质、CEC和有效磷等因素的影响。通过相关性分析表明,上壤无定型氧化铁、络合态铁与有机质含量显著正相关,有机质可以提高氧化铁的活化度；茶园土壤无定型氧化铁、活化度与pH负相关相,土壤CEC与络合铁、无定型氧化铁、有效铁含量显著正相关,土壤有效磷与无定型氧化铁、活化度显著正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore rice fields into the tea garden soil iron distribution and its effectiveness in Mingshan, In this study, life of the plant tea tea garden soil as the research object, not tea growing paddy soil without reference with the field survey and within the industry analysis approach. The paper studies the plant tea lives and land use change on the various forms of the iron content of the tea garden soil, soil physical and chemical properties of various forms of iron in the soil and its effectiveness of tea garden soil to provide a basis for the rational use and management of soil resources.The result shows:1、Total iron content in the tea garden soil (25.86g/kg～27.88g/kg), free iron oxide content (7.91g/kg～8.86g/kg), crystalline iron (4.29to6.36) total iron (27.79g/kg), free iron oxide content (9.22g/kg) and crystalline iron (6.46) lower than the reference soil samples in paddy soil. Tea Garden Soil amorphous iron oxide, the complex state iron content in plant time which content is less than paddy soil in late time.2、the time distribution characteristics of various iron forms in the tea garden soil:tea garden soil iron, free iron oxide and crystalline iron is reduced with the prolongation of the plant tea, a significant negative correlation with plant tea life, connected with tea of soil iron absorption. The tea garden soil have amorphous iron oxide, chelated iron increased with the extension of planting tea time, and life of planting tea have a significant positive correlation with amorphous iron oxide and chelated iron,3、The space distribution characteristics of various forms of iron in tea garden soil:on the0-60cm soil, each tea garden soil in different planting tea life,amorphous iron oxide, chelated iron Table poly, showing a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth, and free iron oxide showed gathered down the law.4、Tea garden soil iron content range is28.09mg/kg～38.79mg/kg, lower than the effective iron content of the paddy soil. With the extension of the plant tea time, tea garden soil iron content increased, the available iron in the soil profile, showing a decreasing trend with soil depth. Soil pH, organic matter and cation exchange capacity of the soil have large influence by stepwise regression analysis, which found that in tea garden soil stereotypes oxidation state of iron and iron complex state of soil available iron supply form of tea plays an important role for iron.5、The soil in various of iron forms is mainly affected by factors such as soil pH, organic matter, CEC and available phosphorus. Correlation analysis showed that soil amorphous iron oxide, iron and organic matter content of the complex state have a significant positive correlation, organic matter can increase the degree of activation of the iron oxide; tea garden soil amorphous iron oxide, phase of activation,the soil pH, have a negative correlation. Soil CEC chelated iron, amorphous iron oxide, active iron content was significantly positively related.Soil available phosphorus and amorphous iron oxide, and activation was significantly positively correlated.更多还原