【作者】 张颖；

【导师】 韩田鹿；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 “二拍”描绘了晚明社会的全景，展现了丰富多彩的市民生活，反映出许多社会问题，具有浓郁的时代气息。凌濛初揭露了当时的社会现状，表现出对于社会问题的忧虑，并想通过“二拍”来达到劝诫世人的目的。通过分析“二拍”的思想内容，可以发现凌濛初的思想矛盾性。本文从家庭生活和社会活动两个层面，大体概括出“二拍”思想矛盾性的表现。再从政治统治，思想文化和社会风气三个角度，进一步挖掘“二拍”思想矛盾性产生的社会根源。通过分析可以发现，强化封建等级制度和伦理道德有助于挽救晚明的统治，但是封建礼教中压制人欲的思想，与晚明进步思潮形成了鲜明的对比，这就促使凌濛初加入到新思潮的阵营。而社会风气的逐渐恶化又迫使他回归到儒家思想来寻求解决社会问题的方法。结合凌濛初自身的经历，家世背景以及交游情况，来探讨其矛盾性形成的原因。通过凌濛初做官和从商的经历，可以看出是其双重的身份导致了他立场的左右摇摆。而凌氏父辈的言传身教，儒家传统文化的熏陶与晚明新思潮发生了碰撞，造成了新旧思想的对立，使他在两种思想倾向中无法解脱。凌濛初一直游走于情与理，新与旧，现实与理想，个人与社会的矛盾冲突之中，从而造成了“二拍”的思想矛盾性。结合前人的研究成果，本文力求以更加综合而全面的视角，探析“二拍”思想矛盾性的成因。透过“二拍”所表现出来的社会问题，进一步分析人们价值观和人生观改变的原因。将凌濛初与特定的时代相联系，从晚明思潮和传统道德之间的交融与对立之中，探寻出他的价值取向和个人意向，以期还原“二拍”的真实内涵。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Er Pai” describes the whole scene in the society of late Ming dynasty, shows the richand colorful life of citizen, reflect much social issues, has thick atmosphere of times. LingMengchu reveals the social situation at that time, concerned about the social issue, and wantto through the “Er Pai” to achieve the purpose of advicing to the people. Through the analysisof ideological content “Er Pai”, can find Ling Mengchu’s contradiction thought.The paper generally summarize the idelogical contradictory expression of “Er Pai” fromthe aspect of family life and social activities. From three aspects of political, ideological andcultural and social atmosphere, to further tap the source of “Er Pai” ideological. The analysiscan be found that strengthen the feudal hierarchy and ethics will help to save the late Mingdynasty domination, but the feudal ethical code suppress desire thought, progress and lateMing dynasty thoughts formed a sharp contrast, this prompted Ling Mengchu added to thenew trend of the camp. While the social ethos deteriorate, forced him to return to theConfucian ideology to seek solutions to social problems. And combine Ling Mengchu’individual experience, family background with the situation of making friends, to discuss thecause of the formation of contradiction. Ling Mengchu’s dual identity lead to his position ofthe swing from his official and business experience. But the collision occurred in LingMengchu’ selder generation teach by precept and example, traditional Confucian culture andthe late Ming dynasty thought, cause the conflict between old and new ideas, so he couldn’tescape in two tendencies. Ling Mengchu always straight walk in the contradiction of emotionand reason, the new and the old, the ideal and the reality, the individual and society, lead tothe ideological contradiction of “Er Pai”.Combined with previous research results, this paper seeks to more comprehensivepersective, to analysis of the causes of the ideological contradiction in “Er Pai”. Through thesocial problem of “Er Pai”, further analysis the causes of people’s values and outlook on lifechanges. Combine Ling Mnegchu with the given time, blending and confrontation betweenthe late Ming dynasty thoughts and traditional morality, finding out his value orientation and personal intention, in order to restore the real connotation of “Er Pai”.更多还原