【作者】 李静；

【导师】 高中良；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 氟硅唑属三唑类杀菌剂，是甾醇脱甲基化抑制剂，可用于防治多种作物上的各种病原菌。该杀菌剂杀菌活性高，速度快，使用量小，对高等动物低毒。本文综述了氟硅唑及其中间体双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷的合成方法，通过理论分析与研究，设计了氟硅唑的合成路线。首先以对氟溴苯为原料，甲苯和四氢呋喃为溶剂，对氟溴苯与镁反应，生成格氏试剂4-氟苯基溴化镁；然后，4-氟苯基溴化镁与氯甲基(甲基)二氯硅烷亲核取代得到中间体双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷；双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷再与1H-1,2,4-三唑钠反应得到目标产物氟硅唑。在制备中间体双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷的过程中，对反应产生的主要杂质进行了结构分析，并结合实验结果确认了杂质结构。研究结果表明：制备格氏试剂过程中，以甲苯和四氢呋喃为溶剂，V(对氟溴苯)：V(溶剂)=1:5，n(对氟溴苯)：n(镁)=1:1.3，反应温度为35℃，格氏试剂含量为95.6%。亲核取代过程中，n(氯甲基甲基二氯硅烷)：n(格氏试剂)=1:1.05，反应温度25℃，水解时盐酸浓度为5%，双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷的收率88.7%，含量为96%以上。制备1H-1,2,4-三唑钠过程中1H-1,2,4-三唑钠收率为98.8%，纯度为90%以上；制备氟硅唑过程中，n(双(4-氟苯基)氯甲基甲基硅烷)：n(1H-1,2,4-三唑钠)=1:1.1，反应温度85℃，反应时间5h，氟硅唑收率为72.8%，纯度95.8%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flusilazole belongs to Triazole fungicides.It is inhibitor of sterol demethylation.Itprovides excellent control of a broad spectrum of diseases on a wide rang of economicallyimportant crops.The fungicide has a high bactericidal activity,fast bactericidal，smalldosage,low toxicity to animals,at the same time,it has good selectivity for beneficial insects.This paper reviews the preparation of flusilazole and its importantintermediate.Analyze the correlated literature and design the route of flusilazole.FirstGrignard reagent was prepared from1-bromo-4-fluorobenzene and magnesium in tolueneand THF.Second the(Chloromethyl)bis4-fluorophenylmethylsilane was synthesized byGrignard reagent and dichlorochloromethylmethylsilane.Finally the title compoundflusilazole was synthesized from (Chloromethyl)bis4-fluorophenylmethylsilane with1,2,4-triazole sodium salt.In the process of preparing of(Chloromethyl)-bis4-fluorophenylmethylsilane,we analysised the main impurities in thereaction,and combined experimental result confirmed the structure of the impurity.The results show that the purity of the Grignard reagent was95.6%when the reactionsolvent was toluene and tetrahydrofuran,the volume ratio of1-bromo-4-fluorobenzene andthe solvent was1:5,the material ratio was1:1.3and reaction temperature was35℃in thesynthesis of Grignard reagent.the yield was88.7%when the material ratio was1:1.05,reaction temperature was25℃and the concentration of hydrochloric acid was5%in the synthesis of (Chloromethyl)bis4-fluorophenylmethylsilane.the yield was98.8%andthe purity was more than90%in the synthesis of1,2,4-triazole sodium salt, the yield was72.8%and the purity was more than95.8%when the material ratio was1:1.1,reactiontemperature was85℃and reaction time was5h in the synthesis of flusilazole.更多还原