节点文献
基于平衡计分卡的乡镇卫生院绩效管理研究
A Research of Performance Management of Township Hospitals Based on the Balance Scorecard in Congqing Qianjiang County
【作者】 王成;
【导师】 陈迎春;
【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 , 社会医学与卫生事业管理, 2013, 硕士
【副题名】以重庆黔江为例
【摘要】 [目的与意义]以乡镇卫生院为主体的基层医疗卫生服务机构是保障广大农村居民健康的重要基础,在卫生服务体系占有重要地位,其绩效的高低对农村居民的健康利益有重要影响。应用基于平衡计分的绩效管理是提高医疗服务机构绩效水平的重要途径,在国内外大型综合型的医疗卫生服务机构有成功应用的范例,但是在机构组织和功能特点独特的乡镇卫生院的应用鲜见。重庆市黔江区在卫Ⅺ项目支持下,在乡镇卫生院应用基于平衡计分卡的基层绩效管理试点,深入现场调查其具体实施情况、了解该方案本身及管理落实等方面尚存在的问题,并分析问题产生的原因,提出改善建议,在实践层面将有利于以乡镇卫生院为主体的医疗卫生服务体系绩效提高,在理论层面为该方法在基层的推广应用提供一定参考。[方法]本文以重庆黔江区为例,通过文献收集与分析,设计机构调查表、人员结构调查表及医务人员调查调查表等问卷及针对利益相关者的访谈提纲,通过深入现场实地问卷调查与知情人访谈,收集了试点地区机构发展的一般情况、实施绩效管理前后服务效益与人员认知等资料。运用定性与定量分析相结合,横向与纵向比较及案例分析等方法分析乡镇卫生院应用基于BSC的绩效管理方案的效果及存在的问题。[结果](1)被调查的6家基层医疗卫生服务机构2010-2012年机构规模变化不大,服务量有明显的扩张,医疗服务质量逐渐提高,人员素质结构有不同程度的改善。(2)比较分析该地区传统的绩效考核与基于BSC的绩效管理方案,发现在管理理念、管理者角色、考核重点、管理过程等方面,基于BSC的绩效管理方案都优于传统单一的绩效考核。(3)2012年上半年与下半年被调查5家机构的费用控制指标变化情况,在下半年相对上半年有明显改善,方案要求的高优指标5家机构都有一定程度提高,低优指标控制的有加强,说明绩效管理方案起到了一定指挥棒的效果。(4)实施绩效管理后,乡镇卫生院的管理人员普遍认为医务人员行为有一定程度改善,表现为医务人员学习的积极性明显提高,服务态度获患者好评,更加关心机构的发展及工作细节的完成。(5)在管理环节落实方面,A、B、C三机构只有部分医务人员知晓或参与到组织目标、绩效结果公开及跟踪改进等环节中,全员参与意识还不强。(6)方案应用存在激励效果不明显,政策环境的影响,设定的战略目标不明与卫生行政部门考核的执行目标不一致以及部分管理流程落实不到位等问题,在专题小组讨论和现场知情人访谈时,这些问题是被提及总次数顺位靠前的四个问题,被提及总频次分别为26次,13次,12次和9次,是需要予以高度关注和进一步改善的重要问题。[结论](1)乡镇卫生院有功能集成性及公益性的特点,运用基于BSC的绩效管理方案比传统的绩效考核更有优势。(2)在实践过程中,该方案需要一定的政策环境支持(3)该方案本身需注意结合乡镇卫生院的特点明确战略目标,并保证与执行目标的一致性;优化管理流程,形成调整组织结构、收集信息和持续开放沟通及实时反馈的循环流程及应用多元化激励内容和激励方法,并针对乡镇卫生院的领导加强培训,促进该方案的在乡镇卫生院绩效管理中的应用效果进一步实现。[研究小结]本研究虽然从理论与实践两方面,对基于BSC的乡镇卫生院绩效管理进行了研究,但由于该方案实施时间短和资料收集量的限制,平衡计分卡的实施效果还没有完全突显和明确,因此对其效果的观察需延长时间,进一步深入研究。另外,由于样本地区的政策环境的特异性,也使得研究结果的代表性和推广意义可能比较局限,但是本文对黔江区的绩效管理过程及效果的调查,并提出改进措施,对当地绩效管理方案的进一步贯彻落实和完善改进具有一定的指导意义。
【Abstract】 [Purpose] The grass-roots health care service institutions made up mainly by township hospitals are the important safeguard to all rural residents and play a important role in the healthcare service system. And the performance result of the township hospitals will have direct effect on the health benefit of all the resident in rural area. Implementation of performance management is an important approach to improve the performance level of township hospitals, one of the county in Chongqing city has applied the performance management based on BSC to the township hospitals.How do they do it?and what is the effect of the creative trial?What problem should note are questions to all us.This research is trying to find out the effect and problem and make some suggestions to extend the applying of the BSC performance management.[Methods] This page takes Qianjiang county as an example, after analysis of great deal of documents, the questionnaire and interview outline are designed.and we conduct field survey and insider interview, collect the data and document on the development of the institutions,medical quality and personnel cognitive,which can reflect the effect of the performance management and analyze the materials with qualitative and quantitative methods.[Results] From2010-2012, the size of the6township hospital we have surveyed do not change obviously,otherwise the amount of service grows quickly and the medical service and personnel structure have different degrees of improvement. After implementing the performance management based on BSC in township hospitals,the effect of cost control get much better. The advantages and disadvantages have been analyzed between the old and the new performance management plan based on BSC.The administrative staff of the township hospitals think that the implementing the performance management based on BSC has promoted the learning enthusiasm of medical staff significantly.There are some problem as well including unconspicuous motivation effect (proposed26times),the restriction of policy environment (proposed13times),the unknown strategic target (proposed12times) and the nonstandard management process (proposed9times). They are the prior forth problems which should be paid attention.[Conclusions] Township hospitals are functional integration and public institutions,so the performance management based on BSC has several advantages than the traditional performance appraisal,but the strategic target should be defined clearly and combined with the characters of township hospitals and optimize the management process and motivation system to make the expect effect come true.
【Key words】 performance management; balanced score card; township hospital;