【作者】 王娜；

【导师】 刘吉发；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，伴随着我国高等教育的招生规模的扩大，越来越多的适龄青年得以进入大学接受高等教育。在高校扩招背景下诞生的高等职业教育，已经从规模上占据了我国高等教育的“半壁江山”。但是，与国内普通本科高校相比，我国高等职业院校中的学生多数来自农村和城市低收入家庭，高职院校中贫困生比例明显高于普通本科院校，有35%的高职院校学生来自贫困和西部地区。这些学生一方面面对着家庭数代人的期望，一方面又承担着沉重的经济负担，多重压力下高职院校贫困生与本科学生相比更容易出现自信心不足、社会责任感较差、感恩意识淡薄、诚信观念缺乏等思想问题，甚至个别学生的思想问题演变成为仇视社会、抱怨出身、攻击他人等心理问题，加强和改进高职院校贫困生思想政治教育工作刻不容缓。通过考查国外高等职业教育机构和国内本科院校对贫困生加强思想政治教育的实践探索，我们发现美国“职业团”的经济帮助与思想提升相结合的教育理念、德国“社会服务+心理服务”一体式的思想教育模式、新加坡注重开发思想政治教育“隐蔽课程”的做法以及国内本科高校的多元化资助政策体系、建立“思想教育-心理咨询-资助扶持”为一体的工作机制和创新思想政治教育载体等做法取得了较好的教育效果，值得我国高职院校学习借鉴，尤其要做好以下几个方面的工作：通过提高高职院校领导班子对贫困生思想政治工作的认识，提升高职院校辅导员专业化水平和充分发挥思想政治理论课教师作用，为高职院校更好开展贫困生思想政治教育奠定组织基础；建立健全贫困生思想政治教育机制体制，有效整合思想政治教育资源，形成党、政、学、团等齐抓共管的工作格局，提高对高职院校贫困生思想政治教育的针对性和实效性；同时，要努力探索有高职院校人才培养特色的工作机制，发挥校企合作平台“实践育人”功能等作用，推动高职院校学生思想政治教育工作整体水平迈上新的台阶，服务于高职院校高素质技术技能型人才培养工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 With expansion of Chinese higher education enrollment in recent years, more and moreeligible youngsters have access to higher education. Chinese higher vocational educationborn under the background of college expansion has occupied50%territory of Chinesehigher education in terms of scale. However, compared with domestic regular undergraduateinstitutions, most of students of higher vocational colleges in our country come from ruraland urban low-income families. The proportion of poor students from vocational colleges issignificantly higher than that from regular undergraduate institutions, of which35%ofvocational college students come from impoverished and western regions. On one hand thesestudents face the expectations of their family members of generations, while on the otherhand they bear a heavy financial burden. Under much pressure, poverty-stricken vocationalcollege students often have insufficient confidence, poor sense of social responsibility, lowthanksgiving consciousness, poor concept of honesty and other ideological problems.Moreover, some students even get such ideological problems evolved into psychologicalproblems such as being hostile to society, complaining family background and assaultingothers. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and improve ideological and politicaleducation on poverty-stricken vocational college students.By looking into the practical exploration of foreign higher vocational education anddomestic undergraduate institutions on strengthening ideological and political education ofpoverty-stricken students, it is found that the educational philosophy of the "occupationgroup" integrating financial assistance and ideological upgrade of the U.S., the "social service+psychological service” integrated ideological education model of Germany, the practice of“hidden curriculum” with focus on the development of ideological and political education ofSingapore, the diversified financial aid policy system integrating “award, loan, assistance,support, reduction and exemption” established and completed by domestic undergraduatecolleges and universities, as well as the established practice of innovative ideological andpolitical education carrier and the working mechanism integrating “ideological education-psychological counseling-funding” have achieved better educational results, our highervocational colleges should learn from them. In the process of learning, higher vocational colleges should do well in the following aspects:It is required to further strengthen ideological and political education on poverty-strickenvocational college students by improving vocational college leadership’s understanding ofideological and political work, enhancing the level of professionalism of vocational collegeteachers and giving full play to the role of ideological and political theory teachers, so as tolay a organizational foundation for vocational colleges to carry out ideological and politicaleducation on those poverty-stricken students. It is required to establish a sound mechanismfor ideological and political education on poverty-stricken students, effectively integrateideological and political education resources, form the working pattern integrating party,government, academia and league, and raise the relevance and effectiveness of ideologicaland political education on vocational college students. It is required to further clarify the goaland highlight of the ideological and political education on poverty-stricken students, establishthe train of thought taking material assistance as prerequisite, patriotism and education innational conditions as emphasis and "three-value” education as key, and pay attention topsychological health and thanksgiving education. Meanwhile, it is required to boldly innovatethe approach of ideological and political education on poverty-stricken vocational collegestudents, give play to the function of school-enterprise cooperative platform "practicaleducation", the example role of alumni resources, the “self-organization” role of studentorganizations and the media role of the means of informationization, take lots of measures tojoin forces to promote vocational college students’ ideological and political education to anew level as a whole, and serve higher vocational colleges’ high-quality skilled talent trainingcenter.更多还原