【作者】 李斌；

【导师】 梁鹏；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 传感器优化布置作为结构健康监测系统的关键问题之一，对数据采集的有效性有着至关重要的影响。本文总结3种主流传感器优化布置方法和1种混合算法；在基于有效独立法选取初始测点的基础之上，结合序列法的特点，提出2种新的混合算法，揭示以上共6种算法的相互联系，从理论上有效地将两者的优点结合起来。基于MATLAB平台开发传感器优化布置工具箱，提供友好的GUI操作界面，工具箱涵盖4种优化算法和本文提出的2种优化算法，通过一座带悬臂的简支梁验证程序的正确性和实用性，以及2种新的混合算法的适用性，结果验证基于EI法的逐步消减法能够得到满意的优化结果。最后，将本文的成果应用于2座三跨连续刚构桥，结果再次验证基于EI的逐步消减法的实用性，优化算法能够得到满意的结果。同时探讨结构损伤后，基于损伤前和损伤后模态数据的传感器优化布置结果的不同之处，以及引起这些差异的原因，模拟结果证明按照损伤前模态数据得到的传感器优化布置结果具有良好的鲁棒性，对工程应用具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optimal sensors placement for structural health monitoring system(SHM) is designed as one of thekey issues, which has a crucial influence on the validity of the data acquisition.This paper summarizes the three kinds of mainstream optimal sensor placement methods and onekind of hybrid count; based on effective independence method selecting points initially, combined thecharacteristics of sequence method, this paper proposes two new hybrid algorithms and reveals linkages ofa total of six kinds of algorithms, analyzing theoretically effective to combine the advantages of both.Based on MATLAB platform developing the tool box of optimal placement of the sensors, the toolbox provides the friendly GUI interface, covering four kinds of optimization algorithm and two kinds ofoptimization algorithm proposed in this paper, through a belt cantilever beam to verify correctness andpracticability of the program, as well as the applicability of the two new hybrid algorithm, the results basedon the EI successive reduce method can get satisfactory result.Finally, the achievement of this paper is applied to tow three span continuous rigid frame bridges, theresults validate again that based on the EI successive reduce method is practical, which can get satisfactoryresults. Discussing after structural damage, the modal data based on the before and after damage, result inthe differences of the optimal placement of the sensor, and the causes of these differences. The simulationresults prove that, in accordance with the damage before the modal data obtained the results of optimalplacement of the sensor has a good robustness which has a certain guiding significance for engineeringapplications.更多还原