【作者】 张海涛；

【导师】 李星；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 当前互联网中所广泛使用的IP地址面临着双重语义的问题，它被同时用做了主机位置标识符（Locator）以及主机身份标识符（ID），这带来了很大的路由可扩展性问题。针对此问题，研究者们提出了Locator/ID分离的解决方案，也即将网络体系结构中的网络层分为位置层和身份层。与此同时，当前互联网还面临着IPv4地址枯竭以及IPv4/IPv6过渡的问题。本文提出了一种可演进的Locator/ID分离网络体系结构ELISIA，希望该结构在解决这些问题的基础上，允许主机上的IPv4和IPv6应用程序同时访问网络，并能够以极小的代价在当前的网络基础设施上进行增量部署。在具体设计时，本文先对已有的Locator/ID分离方案进行了回顾，分析了各个方案的优点和缺点。在此基础上，参照已经较成熟的IVI技术和NAT技术，本文设计了基于协议翻译的Locator/ID分离网络体系结构ELISIA。在ELISIA网络体系结构中，使用复用的IPv4地址或由其转化而来的IPv6地址作为主机身份标识符，使用复用的IPv4地址或者内嵌ID的IPv6地址作为主机位置标识符，Locator和ID之间的映射是通过协议翻译实现的。不同于已有的Locator/ID分离技术，ELISIA方案没有对TCP/IP网络体系的分层结构做任何修改。基于实践中广泛使用的DNS映射系统，本文还设计了配套的Locator/ID映射参数查询系统。本文给出了ELISIA网络体系结构下的基本通信场景，并给出了移动场景和多宿场景下的通信方案；设计了基于此网络体系结构的过渡部署方案，并在理论上证明，通过该网络体系结构的应用，当前IPv4/IPv6分离的互联网最终可以进入到Locator/ID分离的纯IPv6互联网。最后，本文还实现了综合基于Linux操作系统和Windows操作系统的原型。利用该原型系统，本文进行了一系列实验，证实了ELISIA网络体系结构作为Locator/ID分离技术以及过渡的网络体系结构的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In current Internet, the widely used IP address faces the problem of sematicsoverloading. IP is used as both host locator and host identifier, leading to the severescalability problem of routing system. In order to solve this problem, Locator/IDseparation scheme was proposed, in which the network layer is splitted into locaterlayer and ID layer. At the same time, the Internet faces the problems of IPv4addressexhausion and IPv4/IPv6transition. In this paper, we propose ELISIA, which is AnEvolvable Locator/ID Separation Internet Architecture. ELISIA can solve thesementioned problems, meanwhile, it allows IPv4and IPv6applications on the same hostget access to the Internet at the same time. It is also possible to incrementally deployELISIA on the current network infrastructure with little cose.After reviewing the existing Locator/ID separation schemes, we analyze theadvantages and disadvantages of each scheme. Refering to the mature IVI technologyand NAT technology, this paper designs a Locato/ID separated Internet structure basedon protocol translation. In ELISIA, multiplexed IPv4addresses or IPv6addressestranslated from multiplexed IPv4addresses are used as IDs, multiplexed IPv4addressesor IPv6addresses with embeded ID are used as Locators. The mapping between Locatorand ID is achieved by protocol translation. ELISIA doesn’t change the TCP/IP Internetlayers. We also design a Locator/ID mapping parameter querying system based onwidely used DNS mapping system.We disscuss the basic communication scenarios in ELISIA; we present solutionsfor communication in host mobilility scenario and multi-homing scenario. We designthe transition deployment scheme under ELISIA, and it is theoretically proved thatthrough the adopting of ELISIA, the current IPv4/IPv6Internet can eventually turn intoa Locator/ID separated pure IPv6Internet.Finally, we build a prototype system. With this prototype system, we conduct aseries of experiments, confirming the effectiveness of ELISIA working as a Locator/IDseparation technology and a transition network architecture.更多还原