【作者】 李震；

【导师】 王振龙；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 微小孔已被广泛应用于生产和生活的各个领域，其加工尤其是深小孔的加工一直是机械加工领域的难题之一微细电火花加工由于属于非接触式加工，且无明显宏观作用力，使其在加工微小孔，尤其在加工难加工材料小孔时具有显著的优势因此，微小孔的微细电火花加工技术已成为当前微细加工技术研究与应用的热点然而在微小孔微细电火花加工过程中也存在着明显的局限性，如工具电极损耗大放电状态不稳定加工效率低等问题，阻碍了加工过程的顺利进行为了提高微小孔电火花加效率和加工状态的稳定性，在对深小孔高速电火花加工工艺一定研究的基础上，对国内外微细电火花机床进行了详尽的调研，最终选用瑞典System3R生产的高速旋转轴，装卡快速重复定位精度高首先本文设计了基于3R高速旋转轴的深小孔电火花加工装置，包括高精度导向器设计，机床平台改造，以及高压内冲液系统设计，完成了微细电火花机床机械部分的实际安装其次，针对高压内冲液旋转电极深小孔电火花加工，对微细电火花脉冲电源进行了改进，采用高低压复合回路，并两极之间增加一组增爆电容，提高了加工效率，使电蚀产物更易抛出，加工状态更加稳定而且在对实验室现有加工控制系统一定研究的基础上，针对3R高速主轴及其内冲液系统，设计并搭建完成了该加工控制系统最后，本文从有限元仿真着手，利用CFD软件，对中空电极放电间隙流场进行了数值模拟，分析了不同压力下的压力场速度场蚀除颗粒浓度分布以及转速对间隙流场的影响，进一步研究了其分别对深小孔加工过程的影响另外，本文使用自行搭建的微细电火花加床，进行了一系列深小孔电火花加工实验，探究了深小孔高速电火花加工工艺的相关规律，验证了所建立仿真模型的正确性，同时验证了机床的性能更多还原

【Abstract】 Micro-holes have been widely used in many fields of manufacture and life, itsprocessing especially deep hole machining have been always the difficult problem inthe field of mechanical processing. Micro-EDM technology has a feature ofNon-contacting machining method, no obvious macroscopic applied force, and thusthere is great advantage with Micro-EDM in micro machining, especially ondifficult materials. So micro-EDM machining of micro-holes become the hot spotsof current microfabrication technology research and application.However, there are obvious limitations in micro-EDM machining ofmicro-holes, such as the heavy tool wear, the unstable discharge condition and lowmachining efficiency which hinder the machining process smoothly. In order toimprove efficiency and stability of Micro-holes EDM machining, we go on adetailed investigation of micro-EDM machine at home and abroad, based onhigh-speed deep micro-holes EDM process.Our team choose high-speed rotatingshaft of Swedish System3R corporation finally, which can be chucked fast, and hashigh repeat positioning accuracy. Firstly the author designes deep micro-holes EDMdevices with3R high-speed rotating shaft, including high precision-orientedconstruction design, machine tool platform transformation, as well as the punchsystem design with high-pressure liquid, and completes actual installation of themechanical parts on a micro-EDM machine.Secondly, micro EDM pulse power is changed for the high pressure fluid innerpunch deep micro-hole EDM with rotary electrode, which uses composite circuitwith high-low voltage, and adds a group of additional capacitance between the polesso that it can improve the processing efficiency, and make the electric corrosionproducts easier to throw, the processing state more stable. Theremore with certainstudies of the existing process control systems, the author designes and builds onefor the3R high-speed spindle and inner punch system,.Finally, the paper starts from the finite element simulation. With CFD software,the author proceed numerical simulation of hollow electrode discharge gap flowfield, and analyzes the influence on the gap flow field of the pressure field, velocity,particle concentration distribution under different pressures, and rotate speed,andtheremore do further study of their impact on deep micro-holes machining processrespectively. In addition, with self-built micro-EDM machine, the paper proceeds aseries of deep micro-holes EDM experiments, studies the high speed EDMtechnology of deep micro-holes,which verifies the correctness of the simulation model established as well as the machine’s performance.更多还原