【作者】 赵静；

【导师】 张丽锦；

【作者基本信息】 宁夏大学 ， 应用心理学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 以往关于冒险行为影响机制的研究表明,中学生冒险行为受性别、年龄、认知决策力、情绪、抑制性控制、冲动性、家庭教养方式等诸多内外因素的影响,但这些研究大多是从单一的个体或环境因素出发探查冒险行为及其制约机制的,少有研究将影响冒险行为的因素综合起来,考查处于冒险行为高发期的青少年的多维结构的冒险行为。本研究将冲动性和冒险行为作了相对细致的区分,结合与冲动性有关的抑制性控制,探查功能性与功能障碍性冲动与抑制性控制对计划性冒险行为的影响。首先通过对113名中学生参与冒险行为情况进行调查,收集、筛选和归纳出中学生参与频次较高的19类冒险行为,形成测查项目,由此构成“中学生计划冒险行为问卷”。然后以883名初一、初二、高一、高二的中学生为被试,以"Dickman冲动清单”、“中学生计划冒险行为问卷”和“停止信号任务”为测验材料和工具,考查其间的关系,得到以下结论：(1)所构建的中学生计划冒险行为可以作为测量中学生计划和非计划冒险行为的工具；(2)不同类型冲动在抑制性控制上的表现不同,功能性冲动中学生抑制性控制好于功能障碍性冲动的中学生;(3)功能性冲动、功能障碍性冲动和抑制性控制对计划冒险有显著的影响,且体现为冲动类型通过抑制性控制的中介作用影响冒险行为的计划性。具体来看,决断迅速、慎思敏捷的功能性冲动者通过自身较高程度的抑制性控制水平使其冒险行为更富计划性；而不假思索、鲁莽轻率的功能障碍性冲动者往往有较低的抑制性控制水平,进而使其冒险行为呈现出不经思考而行动的无计划性特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 It has been proved that many factors such as gender, age, cognitive decision-making, emotion, inhibitory control, impulsivity and parents’ rearing style could all affect risk-taking behavior. However, most of the studies just investigated the influence from the single individual or environmental factors, few studies focused on the combination of many factors that influencing risk-taking behavior, to examine adolescents’ multi-dimensions risk-taking behavior. The current research will meticulously discriminate impulsivity and risk-taking behavior, combining with inhibitory control which associating with impulsivity, to explore, how functional impulsivity, dysfunctional impulsivity and inhibitory control influence the planned risk behaviors of middle school student.First,113middle school students were administrated to collecting, screening and concluding risk-taking behavior of adolescence, further to constitute planned risk-taking behavior scale. Then, other883adolescents from the7th,8th,10th and11th grades of4high schools completed Dickman’s impulsivity inventory, planned risk-taking behavior scale and stop-signal task.The results indicated that:(1) The adolescents’ planned risk-taking behavior scale was reliable and valid enough to be applicable to measure the planned and unplanned risk-taking behavior.(2) Types of impulsive difference were found, individuals of functional impulse whose inhibitory control performance is better than those of dysfunctional impulsivity.(3) Functional impulsivity, dysfunctional impulsivity and inhibitory control had significance affects on planned risk behavior of middle school student, meanwhile the mediating effects of inhibitory control were also significant.更多还原