【作者】 张辉；

【导师】 汪来杰；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 政治学理论， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代掀起的改革开放浪潮使中国社会发生了翻天覆地的变化，我们确立了以经济建设为中心，建立社会主义市场经济的新的发展路径。处在全面转型时期的中国社会，已经从一个农业大国转变为城市人口占总人口一半以上的现代化国家。现代城市的迅猛发展使计划经济时期政府包办社会的管理体制弊端凸显，全能型政府很大程度上阻碍了社会自治功能的发挥。因此，政府在城市社区治理中角色的合理定位就成为了推动基层民主政治进步，实现社区自治的关键因素，具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文把政府在城市社区治理中的角色定位作为研究的主题。单位制的解体使大量从前由单位履行的管理职能外溢给社会，而社会对我国城市社区治理中长期实行的自上而下的单一行政管理模式早已产生过度依赖，并不具备立即承担起社会自治职能的能力。另一方面，现代城市的开放性、多样性和复杂性都要求治理者以宽阔的视野、科学的方式和完善的系统进行城市社区治理，这就需要政府在职能改革中对自身角色进行科学合理的定位。本文以治理与善治理论、新公共管理理论、新公共服务理论为依据，运用系统分析方法和比较分析方法，把我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位的变迁作为切入点，在系统分析我国政府在城市社区治理中角色定位存在问题的基础上，提出了具有一定建设性和可操作性的思路和见解。论文主要分为五个部分进行写作，第一部分介绍了论文的选题背景和研究意义，指出了在我国社会改革的大背景下，进行政府角色科学定位的重要意义，以及论文可能存在的创新点。第二部分对文章涉及的社区、城市社区治理、政府角色各自的基本概念做了归纳整理，同时详细说明了治理与善治理论、新公共管理理论和新公共服务理论在城市社区治理中的应用，以此为基础展开下面的论述。第三部分以历史的眼光对我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位的变迁做了全面梳理，从街道办事处和居民委员会的出现与发展演变，到城市社区体制兴起完善，都做了比较详细的论述。第四部分通过对街居体制和社区体制发展历程的总结，重点找出了我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位存在的主导性过强、越位与缺位、对促进社区参与的措施不到位、与社区治理主体之间的关系不明晰等问题，并逐一分析了造成以上诸问题的政治、社会和体制方面的原因。第五部分对我国政府在城市社区治理中角色进行科学合理的定位提出了具体对策，主要包括建设社区、建设社区自治组织、培育和发展非政府组织、培育公民意识以及建构社区居民参与机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the setting up of the police of reform and opening up in the1980s, great changes have taken place in Chinese society. we have established a new development path, which is taking economic construction as the center and the socialist market economy as the goal. In the period of transformation, Chinese society has shift from an agricultural country to a modern State, in which the urban population has exceed50%of the total population. With the rapid development of modern city, the problems of government social management system in the planned economy period are more and more serious, and the all-round government has hindered the social self-government functions well to a large extent. Therefore, how to orient the government’s role in the urban community governance is the key of promoting the progress of democracy and realizing community autonomy, having great theoretical and practical significance.This article take the role of government in the urban community governance as a research theme. With the collapse of unit management system, a large number of management functions previously performed by units spillover to the society. But the society has relying too much on the single administrative mode from top to bottom imposed on city community governance in the long, so it does not have the capacity to undertake social autonomy function immediately. On the other hand, the openness, diversity and complexity of modern city all require the controllers govern the modern urban community with a wide view, a scientific way and a perfect system, which needs the government play a reasonable and scientific role in the progress of reform.This theory of governance and good governance, the new public management theory and the new public service theory on the basis of using systematic analysis method and comparative analysis, Government’s role in the governance of urban communities in China changes as the point on the system analysis of the Government role in the governance of urban communities in China there is a problem on the basis of, put forward some constructive and actionable ideas and insights. Writing papers can be divided into five parts, part Ⅰ introduced the topic of thesis research on the background and significance, points out that in our country under the background of social reform, importance of scientific orientation of Government’s role, and the innovation papers there may be. Part Ⅱ articles on communities, cities, community governance, summing up and sorting out the basic concepts of the role of Government, and detailed descriptions of the theory of governance and good governance, the new public management theory and the new public service theory and its application in urban community administration, to serve as the basis for the following discussion. Part historical perspective on China’s urban community administration change of Government’s role in a thorough combing, subdistrict offices and neighborhood committees and the emergence of the evolution, to the institutional perfection of urban communities, have to do more detailed comments. Ⅳ part through on Street home institutional and Community institutional development course of summary, focus find has my city community governance in the Government role positioning exists of led sexual had strong, and offside and absence, and on promotion community participation of measures not in place, and and community governance main Zhijian of relationship not clear, problem, and one by one analysis has caused above all problem of political, and social and institutional aspects of causes.Part v of the Government role in governance in urban communities in China is scientific and rational orientation put forward specific measures, including community development, construction of community autonomy organization, nurturing and development of non-governmental organizations, foster citizen awareness and constructive mechanisms for community participation.更多还原