【作者】 张磊；

【导师】 王创峰；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 国际关系， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 本文选取奥巴马政府第一任期的巧实力外交与对华政策作为研究对象，目的在于深入了解和把握美国政府对华战略与政策轨迹，更好地研究中美两国关系现在和未来。中美关系非常重要，中美两国都是世界大国，两国关系的发展影响着当代国际格局和国际关系，对世界和平与发展有着深远影响。奥巴马政府对华政策的调整直接影响着中美关系，研究奥巴马政府对华政策对研究中美关系的发展具有重要的战略意义和现实意义。本文运用变量分析、层次分析、案例分析、比较分析等方法对奥巴马政府第一任期的巧实力外交与对华政策做了系统分析。首先，论文探讨了奥巴马政府对华政策调整的大背景，即把奥巴马政府巧实力外交战略、全球战略调整、亚太战略调整；探讨了美国面临的国际政治、经济环境和国内政治、经济环境，分析这些外在干预变量对本课题所要研究的对象存在哪些扰动；其次，论文探讨了奥巴马政府对华战略的调整，即奥巴马政府在巧实力外交战略、全球战略、亚太战略和上述各种环境变量因素的共同作用下，对华战略怎么调整，和小布什政府时期的对华战略有哪些不同；最后，论文探讨了奥巴马政府对华战略调整后的对华政策，主要分析了奥巴马政府对华外交政策、经济与贸易政策、军事政策、文化政策，还有其他领域的对华政策，包括科技、能源、教育、人才等。透过奥巴马政府对华政策的表象探析其内在规律，即对华政策的两面性，分析其原因，比较其与小布什政府的两面性有何不同以及其两面性表现的强弱程度和两面性表象背后隐藏的美国对华真实战略意图等。中美现阶段的关系非常复杂。总体趋向正如新自由主义所论证的那样，在和平与发展成为主流的国际背景下，中美总体关系总体向好，中国和美国在政治、经济、文化、教育等各个领域存在着广泛的合作空间，双方之间有广泛的利益交汇点，这已经成为中美发展战略关系的共识和基础，规定和指导着中美关系宏观的发展方向。但是我们也看到，中美关系中的一些不和谐因素，即美国对中国的战略敌视和遏制从未根本改变，中国的快速发展与快速崛起必然引起美国的右翼新保守主义者的担忧与恐惧，他们认为，中国的快速发展必然影响和挑战美国的霸权地位，美国必须遏制与延缓中国的崛起。这一因素在奥巴马政府第一任期的对华政策中也有所体现。总体上讲，在奥巴马政府第一任期，中美两国关系平稳、健康发展，奥巴马政府第二任期中美关系将迎来历史发展的新机遇，相信奥巴马政府在以和平、发展、倾听、合作、共存为核心的巧实力思想和战略的指导下必然会使中美现阶段关系继续沿着健康、友好、互利、务实的方向前进。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper selects the smart power diplomacy and China policy of the Obama administration’s firstterm as the research object, aims to better understand and grasp the present government’s attitude andpolicy toward China, better study Sino-US relationship both at present and in the future.Sino-US relation is of great importance, both of them are the world big powers, and the developmentof bilateral relation affects current international pattern and international relation and has far-reachingimpact on world peace and development. The adjustment of the Obama administration’s China policydirectly affects the Sino-US relation, to study the China policy is of great practical and strategicsignificance to the study of development of Sino-U.S. relation.This paper analyses on the smart power diplomacy and China policy systematically in Obama’s firstterm through variable analysis, hierarchy analysis, case analysis, comparative analysis etc., first of all, itstudies the background of China policy of the Obama government, that is, the smart power diplomaticstrategy adjustment, the global strategy adjustment, the Asia-Pacific strategy adjustment, the overallenvironment of the world, the international and domestic political and economical environment the U.S. isfacing, this paper is to study what kind of disturbances these intervention forces cause to the subjectinvestigated; Secondly, it explores the Obama government’s China strategy adjustment, that is, under thesmart power diplomatic strategy, global strategy and the above various environmental factors, how toadjust the China strategy, what adjustments have been made, and what differences between this strategyand the strategy of George W. Bush administration. Finally, it inquires the Obama administration’s specificChina policy after the strategy adjustment of Obama administration; the author mainly analyzes thegovernment’s foreign policy, economic and trade policy, military policy, cultural policy and China policyin other fields, including technology, energy, education, talent etc., and it finds China policy rules throughthese representations, that is, the two-sidedness of Obama government’s foreign policy, through theanalysis of the causes of its two sides, it compares it with the two-sidedness of George W. Bushgovernment, the intensity degree and the hidden American true strategic intention towards China behindthe representation.The present Sino-US relationship is very complicated. The overall trend is just as what isdemonstrated by the basic principle of the new liberalism, under the international background with peaceand development as its mainstream, the overall relationship has changed for the better, because it involvesthe strategic and fundamental interests of China and US, which has broad cooperation space in the fieldsof politics, economy, culture, education, etc.. Both sides have extensive converging interests, which havebecome consensus and foundation of the strategic relation, it guides the macro-development direction ofSino-US relation. But it is not difficult for us to find that some inharmonious factors in Sino-USrelationship, the strategic hostility and curb against China never change radically, China’s rapiddevelopment and rise will definitely cause worry and fear to the US new right-wing conservative, in their opinion, the present strength of China can not be ignored, the rapid development of China will necessarilyimpact and challenge the hegemony of the United States, so the United States must contain and delayChina’s rise. This factor is also reflected in the China policy during Obama’s first term.Generally speaking, during Obama’s first term, Sino-US relation is stable and healthy, Sino-USrelations ushered in a new period of historic opportunity during Obama’s second term, under the guidanceof smart power thought and strategy with peace, development, listening, cooperation and coexistence asits core, the present Sino-US relation will continue to move forward along the healthy, friendly, mutuallybeneficial, pragmatic direction.更多还原