【作者】 刘飞；

【导师】 倪凤祥；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 自万氏兄弟创作的我国第一部动画片《大闹画室》开始，到现在已经有近九十年了。我国的动画有着骄人的过去，当时的动画人制作出了多部享誉国内外的成功的动画作品。我国动画在上世纪的四十年代的萌芽时期，万氏兄弟创作出了我国第一部动画长片《铁扇公主》，在当时它反映出了我国动画制作水平是在世界前列的；紧接着在上世纪五六十年代，我国动画迎来了一个黄金的发展时期，比如水墨动画《小蝌蚪找妈妈》和在我国动画史上的巅峰之作《大闹天宫》等都是在这一时期创作出来的；但是，接下来的十年是动荡的十年，因为文化大革命的政治原因，我国动画的发展第一次进入了低谷，并且在这灾难的十年中，造成的对人才的肆意摧残，为我国动画以后的发展埋下了祸根；之后，在上世纪的七八十年代，我国动画转入了复兴阶段，在这一时期里创作出了像《阿凡提》和《哪吒闹海》等这些经典的动画作品。至此，以上这些中国动画史上的经典之作，当然离不开我国那些动画前辈们高深的艺术造诣和对动画事业的执着，但是，这些经典之作和当时的计划经济体制也不无关系，在那样的体制下，这些作品的创作是不讲究成本，不讲究市场的，这样的成功是不可复制的；所以自从上世纪末，我国的动画市场开放后，国外的“有限动画”大量的涌入我国，我国动画市场的份额大部分被国外动画作品占据，现阶段随着科技的发展，动画制作技术有了很大的变革，三维技术的运用，网络动画的兴起，当然技术的变革也导致了盗版的肆虐，还有就是动画的产业化，国外动画先进国家已经步入了动画的产业化，而我我国的动画产业才刚起步,所以在现阶段，我国在动画人才、制作技术、动画产业化程度等这些方面，都要远落后于动画发达国家，再加之国外动画对我国动画的压制和盗版在我国的猖獗，我国动画的发展再次走进了低谷，一蹶不振。我国的动画业遭遇了巨大的困境，虽然国家政府渐渐注意到了这些问题，并且在近些年来开始注重动画业的发展，制定了一系列的政策、法规来引导和扶持我国的动画业，并且在此之后，我国的动画业得到了一定的发展，但是，我国动画业的发展依然缓慢。那么到底为什么会这样，我国的动画业现在到底处在一个什么样的现状，存在着哪些问题，以及如何去面对并解决这些问题，使我国动画业再塑辉煌，这正是本文所关注并研究的。笔者认为应该首先了解认清自我，再去发现问题的所在并解决问题，才是改变目前我国动画所遇困境的根本出路。所以本文通过对中国动画的发展历史过程的梳理，运用文献分析法，以及与国外先进动画大国的作品和相关制度相比较的对比法，来分析我国动画是怎样的一个发展过程和发现在现代社会各种因素影响下的我国动画业的现状，并从中找出我国动画业存在着的动画作品质量不高；欠缺高端动画人才，动画教育滞后；观念陈旧；没有形成一个完整的动画产业链；以及动画业中存在的侵权行为等这些问题，是阻碍我国动画业发展的主要问题。最后从完善我国动画产业链；提高我国动画作品的竞争力；加强动画人才培养；转变观念扩展受众群；加强立法和国家政策的引领这几个方面着手，提出一些解决问题的可行性建议和策略。为我国动画业能够健康的、可持续的、蓬勃的发展提供理论上的依据。对促进我国动画能够重新走向世界，并占领动画艺术的高峰，具有一定的理论意义和现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Wan Shi brothers created the first animated film studio make "began, to now has nearly ninetyyears. China’s animation has a remarkable in the past, when pitchman made a number of renowneddomestic and foreign successful animation works. Animation in China in40s of last century, the gestationperiod Wan Shi brothers produced China’s first animated feature film "princess iron fan", at the time itreflects China’s animation production level is high in the world; Then in the fifties and sixties of the lastcentury, Chinese animation ushered in a golden period of development, such as wash cartoon "little tadpolelooking for mom" and culmination in the history of animation in our country the great heaven "is written inthis period; But, in the next decade is turmoil for ten years, because of political reasons of the culturalrevolution, the development of animation in China for the first time into the trough, and in ten years, thedisaster caused by the wanton destruction of talent, the development of the animation later buried the curse;After, and eighties in last century, our country animation into the recovery phase, produced in this period as"any lift and nezha conquers make the sea", etc. These classic animation works.At this point, above these classic in the history of Chinese animation, in China, of course, inseparablefrom the animation predecessors profound artistic attainments and the persistence of the animation industry,however, the classic and the time of the planned economic system is; So since the end of last century,China’s animation market opening, foreign "limited animation" a lot of flooding in our country and most ofChinese animation market share occupied by foreign animation works, at this stage with the developmentof science and technology, animation production technology had the very big change, the use of3dtechnology, the rise of network animation of course technology changes have also led to rampant piracy,then there is the animation industrialization, foreign animation industrialization of advanced countries havealready marched into the animation, and I in China’s animationindustryhasonlyjust started, so at present,our country industrialization degree in animation talent, production technology, animation, developedcountries are far behind the animation, coupled with foreign animation animation in China’s suppressionand rampant piracy in China, the development of Chinese animation again into the trough, recovered.Animation industry in China suffered a huge trouble, although the national government gradually noticed these problems, and in recent years began to pay attention to the development of animation industry,a series of policies and regulations to guide and support the animation industry in our country, and after that,China’s animation industry obtained the certain development, but China’s animation industry developmentis still slow. So exactly why this is so, China’s animation industry exactly is a what kind of situation now,there is what problem, and how to face and solve these problems, make our country animation industrysuccess again, this is what this article concern and research.The author thinks that should first learn to recognize self, to find problem and solve the problem, is tochange the animation to the fundamental way out of difficulties encountered in our country. So this articlethrough to the historical process of the development of Chinese animation, using literature analytic method,and with advanced foreign animation in comparison with the works and related systems of power contrastmethod, how to analyze our country animation is one of the development process and found that in themodern society under the influence of various factors, and find the animation industry in our country thereare works of animation quality is not high; Lack of high-end animation talent, animation education lagsbehind; Old ideas; Did not form a complete animation industry chain; And infringement etc. Theseproblems that exist in the animation industry, is a major problem hindering the development of theanimation industry in our country. Finally from the perfect our country animation industry chain; Toimprove the competitiveness of China’s animation works; Strengthen the animation talent training;Changing ideas expand audience; Strengthening legislation and national policies lead to this a few aspects,puts forward some feasible Suggestions and strategies to solve the problem. For our country animationindustry to a healthy, sustainable and rapid development provides a theoretical basis. To be able to movetowards the world, to promote China’s animation and occupy the animation art peak, has certain theoreticalsignificance and practical significance.更多还原