基于数值模拟的大红山铁矿采场结构参数优化

【作者】 张辉；

【导师】 宦秉炼；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 大红山铁矿Ⅰ号铜矿带初步开采设计早在2008年12月就已经完成,但随着基建探矿的进行发现矿体层数变多,且厚薄不均,存在局部矿体厚度比较大的情况。大红山铁矿根据矿体的变化情况,综合考虑资源利用率,同时兼顾矿体上部露天开采的安全性,对Ⅰ号铜矿带所采用的采矿方法进行了调整,将原设计的空场法(分段空场法、房柱法和全面法)嗣后充填变更为点柱式上向水平分层充填采矿法。在参考了三山岛金矿应用点柱式上向水平分层充填采矿法的成功经验以后,大红山铁矿初步确定了此采矿方法的采场结构参数,随着矿房回采作业的逐步展开,发现所使用的采场结构参数在局部岩体节理裂隙发育的情况下无法保证回采安全,随后本文作者导师接受了大红山铁矿Ⅰ号铜矿带点柱式上向水平分层充填采矿法的结构参数优化项目。数值模拟技术近年来随着计算机科学的飞速发展也突飞猛进,在解决复杂岩体力学问题时起到十分重要的作用。是目前在研究采场稳定性问题时的众多研究方法中采用最多的方法之一。FLAC-3D是在原来二维有限差分程序的基础上发展出来的三维有限差分程序,目前已广泛应用于岩土工程、采矿工程、隧道工程、道路与铁道工程等领域的科学研究之中。本文以导师在大红山铁矿开展的点柱式上向水平分层充填法采场结构参数优化项目为依托,利用FLAC-3D软件对不同采场结构参数情况进行模拟和分析,在结合大红山铁矿Ⅰ号铜矿带开采技术条件的基础上,提出了六种模拟方案,每种方案采用不同的点柱尺寸,每种方案中按点柱间距不同又各分为三种情况进行数值模拟计算,最后对计算结果进行对比分析,以得出较为合理的结构参数。在此基础之上,又针对隔一采一的回采顺序下采场接顶充填与否对相邻盘区的影响进行模拟,从而对充填采矿方法接顶充填的重要性进行分析。另外针对导师在对采场结构参数优化过程中提出的点柱让压支护措施,在选出的最佳方案的基础上,利用模拟软件进行模拟分析,通过对模拟计算结果的对比分析,对点柱让压支护措施的实用性和有效性进行验证和评价。之后采用极限平衡法对数值模拟结果做进一步的分析,验证数值模拟得出的结果的合理性。最后结合大红山铁矿工号铜矿带的开采实际,对本论文得出的结果进行评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preliminary mining design of No.I copper belt in Dahongshan Iron has been completed as early as December2008, but with the infrastructure prospecting conducted we found the number of layers of orebody becomes more and thickness uneven, the presence of local ore body thickness is relatively large. DahongshanIron ore according orebody changes, comprehensive utilization of resources, while taking into account the safety of the open-pit mining on top of the orebody, adjust the mining method of No.I copper belt, the stoping subsequent filling of the original design was changed to the upward horizontal slicing and filling method. After reference the successful experience of the application of the upward horizontal slicing and filling method in Sanshandao goldmine. Dahongshan Iron initially identified the stope structure parameters of this mining method. With the gradual progress of the stoping jobs, found that the use of the stope structure parameters can not ensure the safety of the stoping in the case of joint fissures developed in some local rock mass. Then the mentor of the author accepted the optimization project of the stope structure parameters of the upward horizontal slicing and filling method in No.I copper belt in Dahongshan Iron.The numerical simulation technology is also advancing rapidly in recent years with the rapid development of computer science, play a very important role in solving the complex rock mechanics problems. Currently, the numerical simulation technology is one of the most used method in many research methods in the study of stope stability problems. FLAC-3D is a three-dimensional finite difference code developed on the basis of the original two-dimensional finite difference code, has been widely used in scientific research in the field of geotechnical engineering, mining engineering, tunnel engineering, road and railway engineering.This thesis on the basis of the ongoing optimization project of the stope structure parameters of the upward horizontal slicing and filling method in No.I copper belt in Dahongshan Iron by the mentor of the author. Carry on numerical Simulation and analyze for different stope structure parameters with FLAC-3D software, and on the basis of combined the mining technical conditions of No.I copper belt in Dahongshan Iron, put forward six simulation schemes, each scheme using different points column size, each scheme is divided into three cases carry on numerical simulation according to the different column spacing, finally, comparing the calculation results, and to come to a more reasonable stope structure parameters, previously basis for the influence of the adjacent panel under roof contact filling or not with the stoping sequence as separated by a panel and stoping a panel, to analyze the importance of roof contact filling in fill mining method. Also targeted point column evade pressure supporting measures proposed by my mentor in the process of stope structure parameters optimization, simulation analysis use of simulation software based on the selected best program, through comparative analysis of simulation results, validate and evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of the point column evade pressure supporting measures, after using the limit equilibrium method to do further analysis of the results of numerical simulation, verify the reasonableness of the results of numerical simulation. Finally, compare with the mining actual of No.I copper belt in Dahongshan Iron, evaluate the result of this thesis.更多还原