【作者】 李铁；

【导师】 马本和；

【作者基本信息】 齐齐哈尔大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 赫哲族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族和达斡尔族是世居黑龙江流域的4个少数民族，这些民族具有人口少、分布范围小、历史悠久的特点，包括其建筑在内的文化遗产弥足珍贵。少数民族建筑是建筑文化与人类文明演进的物化积淀，其所蕴涵的丰富历史信息具有较高的研究价值。赫哲、鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔族聚落民居是其民族民间工匠世代相传，在民族群体适应周围环境以及与自然和历史的互动中，被不断地创造，为各族全体提供持续的认同感，从而增强对民族文化的多样性和人类创造力的尊重。赫哲、鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔族聚落民居结构营造技术作为非物质文化遗产，它脱离不了其民族特殊的生活生产方式，是民族个性、民族审美习惯的“活”的体现。当今3D技术的日渐成熟，使数字化环境的虚拟技术足以完成自然条件下建筑的表现，3D技术可以营造一种使人身临其境的三维空间动画，让研究者置身其中，立体并多维度的去感受建筑空间。由于数字化技术对历史性建筑保存的完整性，建筑的各部分构件有详细的数据记录，因此，对历史性建筑保护与修复必将起到积极的作用。在对少数民族建筑的保护与合理利用中引入数字化模拟技术，虚拟历史空间对其进行修复、复原研究，不但可以积极有效地推进研究的深入，而且可以为开发利用提供技术支持。在数字化复原少数民族建筑的同时，对其地域性、风格与流派以及建筑构造技术进行系统性整理。本课题对这些少数民族濒危的建筑文化进行溯源、分类、归纳整理，对其民族源头、建筑发展、风格流变及传承和保护等问题进行系统研究。利用虚拟现实技术对文化建筑景观进行虚拟再现，最直接的好处就是对于那些不复存在的或一般难得一见的历史建筑景观及濒危建筑景观进行数字化重建，数字化重建后的虚拟景观使我们能够欣赏、体验、研究这些历史建筑，并且更好地保护那些正在不断破坏和消逝的濒危景观，虽然利用数字技术制作的景观不可能完全替代真实的建筑景观，但是其形象化程度足以让人们关注和欣赏它们并能得到一定程度的体验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ewenki, Hezhen, Olunchun, and Daur is four minorities nationalities in heilongjiangvalley, the minorities with less population, the characteristics of the distribution range is small,has a long history, including its architecture, the precious cultural heritage. Ethnic buildings ismaterialization of accumulation of culture and the evolution of human civilization, itcontained rich historical information is of high research value. Hezhen, oroqen and ewenkinationality, the daur settlement houses is the folk craftsmen from generation to generation, theethnic group to adapt to the environment and the interaction of nature and history, has beencontinuously create, for the identity of all provide continuing, all ethnic groups to enhancerespect for the ethnic and cultural diversity and human creativity. Hezhen, oroqen and ewenkinationality, the structure of the daur nationality settlements local-style dwelling housesbuilding technology as a non-material cultural heritage, it won’t out of the national special lifemode of production, national characteristics, national aesthetic habits is the embodiment ofthe "live".In3D technology matures today, make the digital environment of the virtual technologyto complete construction under the condition of natural performance,3D technology canmake people create an immersive3D animation, let researchers place oneself among them,stereo and multi-dimensional to feel architectural space. Because of digital technology on theintegrity of the preservation of historic buildings, all the parts of the building components hasa record of detailed data, therefore, protection and restoration of historic buildings will play apositive role. In the protection of ethnic architecture and rational utilization of theintroduction of digital simulation technology, virtual history space carries on the repair andrehabilitation research, not only can effectively promote the positive research, but also canprovide technical support for the development and utilization. In digital restoration of ethnicarchitecture at the same time, the regional, style and genre, and systematic constructiontechnology in the finishing. This topic of these endangered architectural culture of the ethnicpopulation on traceability, classification and generalization, for its style of ethnic origin,development, rheology and inheritance and protection system.Using virtual reality technology to virtual representation, cultural landscape architectureis the most direct benefits to those who no longer exists or general landscape and landscapearchitecture endangered rare historic buildings in digitization reconstruction, digital reconstruction of virtual landscape enables us to enjoy, experience, study the historicbuildings, and better protect those endangered landscape is increasingly damaged and lost,although the use of digital technology to make the landscape can’t completely replace the reallandscape architecture, but its visualization degree is enough to make people pay attention toand enjoy them and be able to get a certain amount of experience.更多还原