【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 司联合；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 书评基本的交际用途是由书评家对近期出版的书籍发表个人鲜明的看法、态度、以达到向读者推荐此书的目的,因此包含了丰富的评价资源并成为研究者关注的热点。然而,目前对书评进行的研究大多局限于学术书评,对传记类书评研究不多,并且这些有限的研究很少关注到书评作者与假定读者之间的互动关系的构建,因此本文试图对英语传记书评中作者与读者的互动关系进行评价性研究。本文分析了书评、评价、态度、级差和介入等基本概念,在系统功能语言学的三大语言元功能、批评话语分析理论的三维分析模式、巴赫金的对话理论和评价理论的基础上,整合构建了适合本文的理论框架。其中重要的是评价理论系统,它分为三个子系统,分别是态度、介入和级差。本文要研究的问题有三,它们是：1.传记书评中三类评价资源的总体使用情况如何?2.态度、介入和级差各子系统的使用情况如何?3.态度、介入和级差的实现情况是如何共同影响并推动构建作者与假定读者之间的互动关系?本文作者从网上随机抽取了15篇英语传记书评作为语料,并运用System-Coder数据切分统计软件进行了定量分析。数据分析结果表明,为了构建作者与潜在读者之间的互动关系,书评作者在传记书评中使用了575个评价资源。其中,态度资源占了49.9%,介入资源占了15.5%,级差资源占了34.6%。其中,态度系统中情感占15.3%,评判44.9%,鉴赏39.7%；在介入系统中,开放性对话占21.3%,封闭性对话占78.7%；在级差系统中,语势占92.5%,聚焦占了7.5%。论文的发现有三：1.态度资源和级差资源的使用在一定程度上大于介入资源。2.在态度系统内部,传记书评作者在对鉴赏和评判的使用远远大于情感,尽量增强文本的客观可读性；在介入资源内部,开放性对话的使用少于封闭性对话；在级差系统中,语势的使用远远大于聚焦。3.传记书评作者倾向于使用态度资源来表达其对事物的评价,与读者建立联盟使之接受自己的这种评价；他们意图保持其权威性的态势时,倾向于使用封闭性对话来排除其他对话性声音,来与假定读者建立联盟使之接受自己的观点;他们用级差来增强或者降低自己的评价主张,以此来影响和劝服潜在的读者。更多还原

【Abstract】 Book review is employed by book reviewers to present personal views and attitudes on newly-published books and thus realize the aim of recommendation to readers. It includes abundant appraisal resources and gets increasing attention from researchers. In the researches of book review, academic book review has always been the hot spot among researchers at home and abroad, whereas researches on biographical book review are seldom conducted. The construction of writer-reader interaction, as an important form of discourse, has received less attention in this field either. Hence, the present study aims to analyze the construction of writer-reader interaction in biographical book reviews based on the Appraisal Theory.The present study gives explanation for book review, Appraisal, Attitude, Graduation, Engagement and some other related terms. And the theoretical framework of it integrates three metafunctions of Systemic Functional Grammar, discourse analysis under three dimensional patterns of Critical Discourse Analysis, Bakhtin’s notion of heteroglossia and Martin’s Appraisal Theory. Appraisal Theory, as the most important theory in this study, consists of three subsystems:Attitude, Engagement and Graduation.This study mainly focuses on the following research questions:(1) From the perspective of Appraisal, what is the general frequency and distribution feature of the three Appraisal values of Attitude, Engagement and Graduation in biographical review discourse?2) What is the configuration of each subcategory of the three Appraisal values in the biographical book reviews?(3) How do the three values work together to construct interaction between the writer and putative readers indirectly? How do the three values help achieve its communicative goal of biographical book reviews?In order to solve the abovementioned research questions, the present study adopts15book reviews on biography randomly from the internet as the corpus, and develops qualitative and quantitative approaches by using the software System-Coder. After analyzing the collected data, it is found that575appraisal resources are used by these writers to construct the writer-reader interaction. Specifically, Attitude resources take up to49.9%, Engagement resources15.5%and Graduation resources34.6%. In the Attitude system, affect takes up to15.3%, judgment44.9%and appreciation39.7%; in the Engagement system, dialogic contraction takes up to78.7%, while dialogic expansion21.3%; in the Graduation system, force takes up to92.5%, focus7.5%.The present study arrives at the following conclusions:(1) Attitude resources and Graduation resources are more frequently used than that of Engagement resources.(2) In the Attitude system, writers apply appreciation and judgment much more than affect for the sake of promoting the readability objectively as soon as possible. In the Graduation system, force is employed more often than focus. While in the Engagement system, the usage of dialogic expansion is not so much as that of dialogic contraction.(3) Biographical book reviewers tend to use Attitude resources to reveal their views and recommend readers to achieve an agreement; When writers aim to enhance their authority, they incline to use dialogic contraction to eliminate other voices and attempt to align with the putative readers. Meanwhile, Graduation resources are used to sharpen or soften their individual position and thus to influence and persuade putative readers.更多还原