【作者】 王鑫；

【导师】 杨志文；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 西方经济学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，市场经济体制逐渐替代了以往的计划经济体制，国民经济取得了很大的发展，人民生活水平有了很大的提高。与此同时，我国政府也对原有的医疗体制进行了深层次的改革：在城镇建立了针对城镇职工和城镇居民的基本医疗保障制度，在农村，新型农村合作医疗制度也已经确立，覆盖范围正逐年扩大；医疗机构的数量和规模不断扩大，医疗服务从业人员群体也在不断壮大；药品安全、生产和监管工作也在加强，切实保障了患者的医疗需求。但是我们也看到，我国现行的医疗体制也存在很大的问题，其中一个突出的问题就是医疗费用过高。在社会上，“天价医疗费用”相关事件频频出现，因为高额医疗费用而放弃治疗的事例也时有出现，看病贵成了大家的普遍感受，也成了当下社会热议的话题。分析医疗费用快速增长的原因并提出解决问题的办法是本文的写作目的所在。笔者借鉴了以往学者在研究本问题时所分析的与医疗费用增长相关的因素，并将所有的因素分类为需求和供给两个方面。本文所讨论的需求方面的因素有：经济增长、人口老龄化、城镇化和医保覆盖率；供给方面的因素有医疗规模、医疗技术进步，政府投入和医生诱导需求。在文章中先对需求和供给两个方面的所有因素做了理论分析，分析了各因素与医疗费用之间的关系，接下来将各因素转换为相应的变量，并借助1980年至2010年间的统计数据对医疗费用与各变量做了实证分析。实证分析包括两个部分：第一，医疗费用增长的单因素分析，通过建立计量经济模型分析了医疗费用增长与经济增长之间长期和短期的关系；第二，医疗费用增长的多因素分析，分析了医疗费用与所有变量长期和短期的关系。实证分析得出的主要结论有：(1)从长期看，经济增长、人口老龄化、医疗技术进步和城镇化是推动我国医疗费用增长的主要因素；(2)在所有的分析因素中，从长期来看人口老龄化对医疗费用增长的影响最大；(3)在短期中，经济增长、医疗技术进步和人口老龄化为影响医疗费用短期变化的主要因素，人口老龄化在其中同样影响最大。文章最后分别总结了国外典型国家在治理医疗费用快速增长方面的先进经验、对我国的启示，提出了我国现阶段治理医疗费用快速上涨的策略和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and opening up, the market economic system gradually replacedthe previous planned economy system, the national economy has achieved greatdevelopment, people’s living standard has been greatly improved. At the same time, ourgovernment deeply reformed the existing health care system: the basic medical insurancesystem for urban workers and urban residents in the rural areas, the new type of ruralcooperative medical care system has been established in cities and towns, coverage isexpanding year by year; expanding the number and size of the medical institutions,medical service practitioners groups are growing; drug safety, production and supervisionis also strengthening, and effectively protect the patient’s medical needs. But we also seethat our current health care system there are a lot of issues, one of the prominent problemis that the high medical costs. Community, the "astronomical medical expenses” relatedevents appeared frequently, the cases of giving up treatment because of the high medicalcosts also appear, expensive medical treatment has become the general feeling ofeveryone, has become a hot topic in contemporary society.The analysis of the rapid growth of medical costs in the cause and proposed solutionto the problem is the purpose of the writing of this article. The author draws on pastscholars in the study of the problems associated with the growth of medical costs analysis,and all the factors that are classified as demand and supply. Demand-side factorsdiscussed in this article are: economic growth, an aging population, urbanization andhealth insurance coverage; Demand-side factors are medical scale, advances in medicaltechnology, government investment and physician-induced demand. First, authoranalysis both demand and supply factors theoretically, analysis of the relationshipsbetween the various factors and medical costs, followed by various factors correspondingvariables and with the1980-2010statistical data on health care costs with variableempirical analysis. Empirical analysis includes two parts: first, the single factor analysisof the growth in health care costs through the establishment of an econometric model toanalyze the long-term and short-term relationship between medical costs and economicgrowth; multivariate analysis, analyze the long-term and short-term relationship between medical costs and all variables. The main conclusions of empirical analysis:(1) in longterm, economic growth, an aging population, advances in medical technology andurbanization are major factors in promoting the growth of China’s medical expenses;(2)in the long term, population aging is the most impacted factor;(3) in the short term,economic growth, advances in medical technology and an aging population are the mainfactors to affect the medical costs of short-term changes, the aging of the population isalso the greatest impact factor. Finally summarizes the advanced experience of the typicalforeign countries in controlling the rapid growth of the medical expenses and therevelation, Strategies and recommendations of controlling rapid rise in health care costs.更多还原