【作者】 高峰；

【导师】 姬长英；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 农业电气化与自动化， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 便携式恒温培养箱已经成为现代医学、医药、生化、农业、食品及工矿等行业实验室中的重要实验设备。然而,目前很多便携式恒温培养箱控制系统还是采用传统的模拟控制的方法,这种控制方法的控制速度慢,控制超调大,精度不够高,只能应用于对精度要求不高的场合。另外,普遍采用PID控制算法,由于温度信号具延迟滞后性、模型不确定性等特点,PID控制效果难以达到改善系统的动静态特性和提高精度的控制目标。因此,急需设计出一种能够改善系统控制要求的新型温控装置,为便携式恒温培养箱的发展提供技术方案。完成的主要工作如下：1.在了解了便携式恒温培养箱温控系统的基础上,对该温控系统的整体方案进行分析,并简化控制模型,得出了控制系统的传递函数。2.针对温控对象的不确定性和难以控制的特点,对系统的控制算法进行研究。在研究了普通PID控制算法和模糊控制算法的基础上,详细研究了自适应模糊PID控制器的设计原理。并通过SIMULINK软件对控制器进行了辅助设计和仿真,设计出了自适应模糊PID控制器,实现了PID参数的在线自整定。3.对该温控系统进行了硬件和软件设计。硬件包括：DSP主控板、传感器模块、继电器模块、TEC模块、液晶显示模块、按键板、散热模块和电源。软件包括：针对温控的时变非线性和精度低的缺点,所提出的自适应模糊PID算法；基于TMS320LF2407A为平台的温度检测、读取、显示及RS232连接上位机等程序；并给出了系统各部分的电路设计原理图及相应的设计程序。4.搭建了实验平台,对所设计的控制器硬件系统和软件系统进行实验研究。实验结果表明它可大幅度改善系统的动静态特征,并提高了控制精度和系统响应速度。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the portable thermostat incubator is the important laboratory equipment in the experiment of modern medicine, biochemistry, agriculture, food, mining industries and so on. However, there are many portable thermostat incubators that control systems still use traditional analog control methods. Because of the slow control speed, large control overshot and insufficient precision, the methods can only be applied to the critical asking for low precision. In addition, with PID control algorithm widely used, PID control results can’t achieve the target of improving the static and dynamic characteristics and precision of the system, due to the features of temperature signas, such as the delay lag, the model uncertainty and so on. Therefore, a new type of emperature control device must be designed to improve system control requirements urgently, which can provide technical solutions for the development of portable thermostat incubators.The main work has been completed as follows:1. On the basis of understanding the temperature control system of portable thermostat incubators, the temperature control system of the overall program is analyzed carefully. And the control model is simplified, for the sake of obtaining the transfer function of the control system.2. According to the uncertain and uncontrollable characteristics of the temperature control object, the control algorithm of the system is discussed. Based on the studies of ordinary PID control algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm, a detailed research on the design principles of adaptive fuzzy PID controller is accomplished. Futhermore, with the auxiliary design and simulation of the controller by SIMULINK software, the adaptive fuzzy PID controller implementing PID parameters self-tuning on-line is designed.3. The hardware, software and control method of the temperature control system are described. The hardware includes the followings:DSP main control board, LCD module, key board, cooling module and power. For software, adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm is proposed against the temperature control in the shortcomings of nonlinear time-varying and low precision. As TMS320LF2407A of a platform, the procedures on temperature detection, reading and displaying, and the connection of RS232to PC are obtained. The circuit design schematic and the corresponding design procedures of various parts of the system are given as well.4. The experimental platform is set up to make a research on the hardware and software system of the controller which has been designed. The result shows that it can improve the dynamic and static characteristics of the system greatly, heighten the control accuracy and the response speed of the system.更多还原