【作者】 刘英；

【导师】 徐勇；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 生育是一个古老的话题,对生育的研究是人类学和社会学研究的重点,尤其是70年代以来,中国实行了历史上最严格的人口控制措施,人口数量得到有效控制的同时,也引发了一系列的社会问题,这也掀起了学者们对生育问题研究的热潮。本文主要探讨的是农民的生育观念问题,生育观念是指人们对于生育问题的看法、态度和倾向,具体来说就是包括对生育的目的、数量、性别、时间、质量方面的看法和态度。本文以生育观念为核心,主要研究当前农民生育观念的现状,生育观念形成的影响因素以及生育观念形态的政治后果。为了弄清当今农民的生育观念的现状,本文在田野调查的基础上围绕着生育的目的、数量、性别、时间、和质量五个方面分别展开描述,并且在传统与现代的二维分野下,作者认为当前农民的生育观念还没有完全摆脱传统,而是处于一种从传统向现代过渡的混合状态。在此基础上,作者探讨了生育观念形成的影响因素,从表面上看,我们认为生育观念的转变是计划生育的作用使然,也有学者认为生育观念的转变是我国经济迅速发展的结果,还有研究者从传统文化中去发掘,作者主要从经济因素、国家因素、文化传统这三个方面来探讨了生育观念形成,并且认为这些影响因素并不是单一的在发生作用,而是交织在一起,共同作用于农民的生育选择。最后文章初步讨论了在这种混合过渡的生育观念形态下的政治后果,政治的后果由家庭结构和权力结构的变化来展开的,家庭权力的变化对于社会政治权力产生重要的影响,并且在这种混合型的生育观念下,家庭矛盾社会冲突更容易激化,同时对我们的领导工作方式提出了新要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fertility is an old topic. It has been a focal point in the study of anthropology and sociology. In seventy’s, China started to implement "one-child policy", which is acclaimed to be the most stringent measures ever to control population. As a result, the population has been effectively controlled. However, the implementation of the policy also caused a series of social problems, leading to a research upsurge of fertility issues among scholars. This paper mainly discusses Chinese farmers’ views on fertility. It refers to people’s attitude and tendency on fertility problems. To be more specific, it is one’s perceptions and attitudes towards fertility purpose, quantity, gender perference, time and quality.Taking the fertility view as the core, this paper mainly studies the current situation of farmers’ fertility views, factors that influences the formation of the views as well as the political consequences behind those fertility views. In order to understand the current status of farmers’ fertility views, this paper revolves around five aspects:purpose, quantity, gender preference, time, and quality, on the basis of field investigation. And under the traditional and modern binary division, the author thinks that the current farmers’ fertility views haven’t gotten rid of the traditional concept completedly. Instead, it exists in a mixed transitional state from the tradition to the modern.On this basis, I discusses the factors that influence the formation of the fertility veiws. On the surface, we regard that the changing attitude is the result of family planning policy. Some scholars think that the changing attitude is due to China’s rapid economic development. Other researchers try to explain this from the angle of traditonal culture. I will explore the formation of fertility views from three aspects:economic factors, national background and cultural traditons. Through such exploration, I find that these factors interweave together rather than funtion seperately, affecting farmers’ choices on fertility. At last, the paper discusses the political consequences under this mixed transitional state. The political consequence is expanded by changes in family structure and power structure. Changes in household power can exert significant influences on the social and political power. In addition, family conflict and social conflicts are easier to intensify under this hybrid fertility view, putting forward new requirements for our work.更多还原