【作者】 李春霞；

【导师】 刘学广；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 轮机工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以基于Lanchester原理的消振器为研究对象，分析主动消振原理，探索研究SPWM波变频调速技术，设计消振器的控制系统。对电机调速技术进行了初步探索，研究了基于SPWM波技术的调速原理，建立了仿真模型，对调速性能进行了仿真，验证用SPWM波进行电机调速的可行性；完成了三相异步电机变频调速系统的硬件电路设计，在protel软件中设计了原理图和PCB图，最终加工出了硬件电路板。针对主动消振器，提出了两种控制方案。一是利用SPWM波技术和自寻优算法，结合硬件电路板，调节异步电机的转速，实现调频调相。二是采用自适应和自寻优算法计算出控制信号，结合变频器和步进电机驱动器，分别控制异步电机和步进电机，实现调频调相。最后，设计了两种控制方案的算法程序。改进了消振器的相位调节机构，设计了消除变频器干扰的隔离电路，搭建了实验台架，进行了标定实验，确定程序中的调频参数。以自适应和自寻优算法为核心设计了主动控制器，进行了主动控制实验。在低频段取得了14.44dB~18.87dB的控制效果，实验结果表明消振器及控制器的低频消振效果良好，说明了控制算法和控制器设计正确合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The damper based on the Lanchester’s vibration attenuation principle is studied in thispaper. The active vibration cancellation principle is analyzed, besides, the SPWM frequencycontrol technology is studied. Then, a damper control system is designed.The motor speed control technology is preliminarily studied and the simulation modelsare built based on the principle of sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM). The speed ofthe motor could be controlled by the SPWM technology, which is verified by simulationmodels of the speed control. The hardware circuit of the motor speed control system isdesigned. The schematic diagram and PCB layout are designed and the hardware circuit boardhas been processed finally.Two control schemes for the mechanical dynamic damper are proposed. One is to use theSPWM technology and self-optimizing algorithm to achieve the modulation of frequency andphase by the motor on the hardware circuit board. The other is to use the control signalsobtained from the adaptive and self-optimizing algorithm to achieve the modulation offrequency and phase by the inverter and stepper motor. Finally, the control programs of thetwo control schemes are designed.The phase adjustment mechanism of the damper is improved, and the isolation circuit isdesigned to eliminate the interference of the inverter. To determine the parameters in theprogram the calibration experiment is carried out. Then an active controller is designed basedon adaptive and self-optimization algorithm, and its control performance is experimentallytested. The vibration level could be effectively reduced about14.44dB~18.87dB at lowfrequency range, the experimental results show that the damper and the controller works well,and it indicates that the control algorithms and controller design are correct and reasonable.更多还原