【作者】 张川；

【导师】 严海蓉； 李军怀；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 软件工程（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着无线传感器网络的广泛应用以及近年来可编程处理器技术的快速发展，如CPLD/FPGA的快速发展，传感器数据的智能采集已经成为人们研究的焦点。时下，美国电子工程师协会IEEE也推出了针对未来智能传感器的发展规范IEEE1451标准，制定了从传感器接口定义到数据采集等一系列规范。由于无线传感器网络较多的应用于军事、环境监测、医疗等领域，这对数据采集的速度、数量、实时性等都提出了新的要求。本文正是结合眼下最新的CPLD现场可编程技术以及IEEE1451.2智能传感器规范标准，设计实现了用于无线传感器网络数据采集端的数据采集卡，满足了系统可靠性、实时性的新要求。本文首先深入研究了无线传感器数据采集方法，总结了一般的传感器数据采集流程、理论和方法，建立了适合于无线传感器数据采集的标准模型。其次，基于该模型，采用CPLD设计了全新的传感器数据采集板卡。主要工作包括通过对IEEE1451智能传感器协议标准的解读，在CPLD中用VHDL语言分别完成了标准智能变送器STIM、电子数据表格TEDS和标准接口模块TII协议，编写了相应外设的驱动程序，实现了对普通传感器的智能数据采集工作。然后，对该板卡涉及到的CPLD和外围电路进行逐一调试实验，完成了PCB印制电路板的定制。最后，为了验证所设计系统的性能，实现了一个水环境监测项目的应用。该应用中以上述设计作为核心硬件，选取水环境监测项目中适当的传感器，只简单接入就可实现多传感器数据的智能采集。本课题通过对最新理论知识技术的研究，从结合理论自主设计数据采集板卡，到以该板卡为基础完成系统验证，完成了从理论到实践的转变过程。实现了CPLD现场可编程芯片及IEEE1451智能传感器协议的结合，为无线传感器网络的智能数据采集工作做出了新的尝试，也为下一代智能传感器的发展提供了可参考的新模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the extensive application of wireless sensor networks and rapiddevelopment of programmable processor technology, such as CPLD and FPGA inrecent years, smart sensor data acquisition has become the focus of people’s studies.Nowadays, the American Association of Electronics Engineers organization alsolaunched for the future development of the smart sensor specification, which is todevelop a series of specification of the interface definition from the sensor to the datacollection. As the wireless sensor network is more used in military, environmentalmonitoring and medical field, so this puts forward new demands of the speed of dataacquisition, the number of sensor and real-time. So this paper studied the latest CPLDField Programmable technology as well as IEEE1451smart sensor standards,designed and implemented data acquisition board for wireless sensor networks, tomeet the system reliability and real-time requirements.This paper did research in wireless sensor data collection method as well asgeneral data acquisition process, theory and methods. Finally, it summed up a generalmodel suitable for wireless sensor data collection standards. By designed the everypart circuit of different functions, this design finished a new sensor data acquisitionboard based CPLD processer from schematic design to PCB printed circuit boarddrawing. In order to verify the performance of the system, a water environmentmonitoring project has been added to this prototype system as an application platform.In order to adapt to the needs of the project appropriate, some sensors were replaced.Through the study of the theory of knowledge and technology, by combiningindependent design of data acquisition card to system verification, this paper finallycompleted the transformation process from theory to practice. With theimplementation of the CPLD field programmable chip and intelligent sensor ofIEEE1451protocol, this paper did not only make a new attempt to the intelligent datacollection in wireless sensor networks, but also provided a new model of reference forthe development of the next generation of intelligent sensor.更多还原