【作者】 刘春雷；

【导师】 任光胜；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 电液比例控制技术作为工程设备实现自动化控制的基本技术之一，因其控制原理简单、控制精度高、抗污染能力强、价格适中等优点得到了广泛的应用，已成为工业机械、工程建设机械及国防尖端产品不可或缺的重要手段。本文以单轨车辆转向架分离装置作为研究对象，对转向架分离装置的液压系统进行分析，设计液压系统原理图，将电液比例控制技术应用于升降回路、旋转回路及变量泵中，并对升降回路、旋转回路及变量泵进行了全面的分析研究。首先，根据转向架分离装置中不同运动部件的功能与要求，完成升降回路、旋转回路及定位回路的液压原理图的设计，分析液压系统的受力情况并对各个回路的主要参数进行了分析计算，得出各个回路所需的压力和流量。另外，通过比较“同等方式”和“主从方式”的同步精度，选择出适合升降回路的液压同步控制策略。对电液比例同步控制系统进行了数学建模，得到了比例阀的阻尼比以及系统开环传递函数，并对系统进行了PID校正，采用临界比例法确定PID控制器的参数。同时，利用Simulink软件对系统进行了仿真分析，得到同步系统的阶跃响应曲线和正弦响应曲线，验证了系统满足同步性的要求。然后，本文在介绍转向架回转机构的工作原理的基础上，建立了回转机构液压系统系统的数学模型，利用Simulink软件对系统进行频率特性分析，画出开环Bode图和Nichols图，得到控制系统的相位裕量和幅值裕量，满足系统稳定性和快速性要求。在ADAMS中建立回转机构动力学简化模型，对ADAMS软件和MATLAB软件进行通信连接，实现了对回转机构的联合仿真分析。最后，对恒压变量泵及比例压力控制泵的工作原理及控制特性进行了详细的分析，根据液压系统各个回路所需压力和流量，选择合理的变量方式，并结合实际情况提出对现有恒压变量泵进行简单改造，得到电液比例压力控制泵，使泵的输出压力及流量满足各个回路的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electro-hydraulic proportional control technology, as one basic technology ofengineering equipment’s automation control, is widely used for its simple controlprinciple, high control precision, strong ability to resist pollution and moderate price，ithas become an indispensable means in industrial machinery, construction machineryand defense highly sophisticated products. In this paper, research object is bogieseparation device, its hydraulic system is analyzed and its hydraulic system schematicdiagram is designed. What’s more, electro-hydraulic proportional control technology isapplied to lifting loop, rotating loop and variable pump which are taken comprehensiveanalysis and research.According to the features and requirements of different moving parts, analysismovement process of each moving parts and complete hydraulic principle diagramdesign of lifting loop, rotating loop and position loop. Analysis forces of hydraulicsystem，calculate the main parameters of each loop and then obtain the requiredpressure and flow of each loop.Compare synchronization precision of "equivalent mode" and "master-slave mode",choose the right synchronization control strategy of lift loop. Build mathematical modelof electro-hydraulic proportional synchronous control system, and so the damping ratioof proportional valve and open-loop transfer function can be obtained. PID correction istaken for the system whose parameters of PID controller are determined by critical ratiomethod. Simulation analysis of system is made by Simulink software, step responsecurve and sine response curve of synchronization system are obtained, which verifiesthat the system can meet synchronization requirement.This paper introduced the working principle of bogie rotating mechanism, themathematical model of rotating mechanism hydraulic system is established, frequencycharacteristic analysis is made by Simulink software and open-loop Bode diagram andNichols chart are drawn in order to get phase margin and amplitude margin of thecontrol system, which can verify that the system can meet the requirements of stabilityand rapidity. Simplified slewing mechanism dynamics model is established in theADAMS, the ADAMS software and MATLAB software communication is connected,and then the joint simulation analysis of the rotating mechanism can be realized.Hydraulic pump is the power source of the whole hydraulic system, it directly affects the performance of each loop. Detailed analysis of working principle and controlcharacteristics is made for constant pressure variable pump and proportional pressurecontrol pump, variable mode is selected according to the pressure and flow required byeach loop of the hydraulic system. In addition, this paper puts forward a proposal thatmaking simple transformation for constant pressure variable pump, and as a result, theconstant pressure variable pump becomes an electro-hydraulic proportional pressurecontrol pump, which can meet the requirement of pressure and flow of each loop.更多还原