【作者】 高晶；

【导师】 高举红； 薛威；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 物流工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 越来越多的零售连锁超市选择通过外包物流业务的方式，提高自身服务水平和降低成本。同时，承担物流业务的配送中心也在研究如何更好地满足超市对保证配送时间、商品质量及降低成本等方面的要求，同时实现自身的盈利。配送中心对某类需要经过拆零、然后被分拣到指定区域，且在配送中心的停留时间有严格限制的商品实施统一的作业管理，由一辆车完成至少两家零售门店的配送任务，即越库作业模式。越库作业模式，最大的特点在于除去或大大减少商品在配送中心内的仓储时间，进而实现商品快速出库的目标。论文以为J社区超市提供物流服务的T配送中心为原型，研究内容如下：1.阐述了越库作业相关基本概念，并对越库车辆调度问题的研究现状进行了详细的评述。2.通过分析配送中心内越库作业区的布局和越库作业流程，发现配送中心自动化水平较低，只能满足有限商品的配送任务。为了提高每天可分拣配送出库的商品数量，改善配送中心内的布局、引进新设备是非常重要的，并基于改进后的布局制定最优入库车辆调度计划，使商品在配送中心停留时间最少。3.提出了在配送中心内不设暂存区的越库作业自动化方案，绘制出配送中心布局图，并基于此将卸货和分拣的过程视为两阶段流水作业，并应用约翰逊算法求解商品（工件）工时跨度最小化问题。根据某配送中心的Excel订单数据，求得配送中心将该批商品分拣完毕需要的最短时间，并确定最佳入库车辆到达配送中心的顺序，为企业越库实践提供指导。应用Flexsim软件对数值实验结果进行仿真模拟，得到商品在配送中心停留的总时间和部分设备的利用率指标。4.为了满足日益增长的超市订单数量的配送要求，文中提出引入货架后的越库作业模式，并根据改变后的流程建立三阶段作业模型，应用网络图求得最优车辆到库顺序。通过仿真比较方案改进前后在时间方面的差异，说明改进方案的优越性，为配送中心实际越库运作提供可参考的解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 More and more retail chain supermarkets improve their service level and reducecost by outsourcing logistics business. How to better satisfy the supermarkets’demands for distribution time, commodity quality, cost reduction and realize itselfprofit is studied by distribution center who undertakes logistics business. Unifiedmanagement known as Cross-docking is applied for certain commodities which needto be detached out of a parcel and sorted to designated area, whose retention time islimited strictly. One truck can accomplish one more stores’ distribution task. The mostimportant character of Cross-docking is to send commodity out of warehouse quicklyby deleting or reducing storage time greatly.Based on the prototype of T distribution center serving for J supermarket, themajor contents are as follows:1. The basic concepts about Cross-docking were clarified. The research status ofthe scheduling problem of trucks in Cross-docking model was reviewed in detail.2. Through analyzing the internal layout and operation process in Cross-dockingoperation area in distribution center, the low automation level which only can meet alimited number of commodities’ distribution task requirement was found. To increasethe quantity of sorted commodities, improving the facilities layout in distributioncenter and introducing new equipments was very important. On that basis, the truckarrival sequence was determined to minimize total retention time.3. A Cross-docking automation plan without temporary storage area indistribution center was proposed and a distribution center layout diagram was drawn.The course of unloading and sorting were regarded as two stage flow shop, applyingthe Johnson Algorithm to solve the problem of minimizing working hour ofcommodities (work piece). According to a distribution center’ excel order data, theminimum time required for sorting all the batch of commodities was calculated, andthe optimum sequence of inbound trucks was obtained, which can provide guidancefor Cross-docking practice of company. The total residence time of all commoditiesand the facilities’ utilization rates were shown by the simulation results of numericalexperiments by Flexsim. 4. In order to meet the sorting needs for growing amount of the supermarketorders, a new Cross-docking model including shelf was introduced. A three-stageoperation model was rebuilt, and the network technology was applied to obtain theoptimal inbound truck arrival sequence. Two models’ difference in the aspects of timewas compared after simulation. The improved model was interpreted forCross-docking practical reference.更多还原