【作者】 张雷；

【导师】 周毅刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 脉冲信号广泛应用于超宽带通信，导弹制导，激光测距等领域，采用数字方法设计的脉冲信号发生器有着基于模拟技术的信号发生器不可比拟的优点。本文利用FPGA作为脉冲信号发生器的核心器件，脉冲信号的多个参数均可灵活调节。本文以研究硬件电路为基础，采用六层板设计，核心芯片为Altera公司的Stratix II系列的EP2S30F672I4。为了实现高标准的脉冲信号，采用高速DAC，数据转换速率高达250MHz，本设计中脉冲宽度、幅度、输出频率均可调节，脉宽精度达到了4ns，最多可实现四路脉冲信号的输出，其中一路信号可以选择与其他三路同步或非同步输出。根据实际需要，可以模拟带有噪声的脉冲信号。利用加减法电路对脉冲信号的幅度进行调整，并可以实现负脉冲信号的输出。在PC机终端利用Matlab产生脉冲信号波形数据源及相关参数，VC控制界面通过USB接口将数据传输到FPGA内部的寄存器或RAM资源中，同时达到对DAC芯片及脉冲信号输出的控制。为了使此信号发生器在以后的应用中具有便携性的优点，增加ARM控制模块，将FPGA挂载到ARM核心板的系统总线上，并对ARM模块初步调试。采用嵌入式Linux系统，通过用户界面可以实现读取SD卡中波形数据。本开发板为高速电路，设计过程需要考虑电源完整性、信号完整性等诸多问题，本文对高速PCB的设计中注意的问题进行详细介绍。本文在最后部分对所设计的脉冲信号发生器进行了测试，并对产生的误差进行分析，可以为今后的设计提供很好的设计经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pulse signal is widely used in the field of ultra-wideband communications,missile guidance, and laser rangefinder. Pulse signal generator designed by digitalmethod has many advantages than the design by analog methods. In this paper, theFPGA chip as the core components of the pulse signal generator, some parametersof the pulse signal can be flexibly regulated.Based the hardware circuit, it used six panels and the core chip is Altera’sStratix II series EP2S30F672I4. In order to achieve high standards of the pulsesignal, data conversion rates of high-speed DAC is up to250MHz, while, the width,magnitude and frequency of the signal can be adjusted and the accuracy of pulsewidth is up to4ns. All the way, the generator up to four pulse signal outputs whichcan be simulated with pulse signal that influenced by noise according to actualneeds, one channel output can be chosen synchronous or asynchronous with theother three ways. To adjust the amplitude of the pulse signal with addition andsubtraction circuit, it achieves a negative pulse signal output.PC generates pulse signals waveform data source and related parameters withMatlab and transfers data to the FPGA internal registers, or RAM through the USBwith the VC control interface, while achieving the DAC chip and the pulse signaloutput control. Meanwhile, in order to make this signal generator portabilityadvantages in future applications, the design is implemented the ARM controlmodule and the FPGA is mounted on system bus of the ARM core plate. With ARMmodule initially debugged of embedded Linux system, the waveform data in the SDcard can be read through the GUI.The designed board with high-speed circuit needs to consider power integrity,signal integrity, and many other issues, with a detailed note in the high-speed PCBdesign.In the last part of the design of the pulse signal generator, it is provided a verygood experience of designing for future design to test and analyze the resultingerror.更多还原