【作者】 张鹏；

【导师】 欧福永；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 法律， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 基于权力制约及司法独立的内在需要和促进法律自身逻辑完整性的实现,同时为了防止法官权力行使的任意性,世界各国基本都构建了法官惩戒制度对法官独立审判行为进行监督,以预防和惩戒法官的违法犯罪行为。法官惩戒制度是依法对法官的违纪违法行为给予惩罚和否定性评价的制度。欲合法有效的进行法官惩戒,设置合理的惩戒机构尤显重要,国外法官惩戒机构均非行政机关,而是法院或专门的惩戒机关,由专门惩戒机构对法官司法内或司法外的不当行为进行惩戒。因司法行政化严重、过于追求实质正义而忽视形式正义及法官素质参差不齐的现状限制,我国的法官惩戒制度基本上沿用了国家行政机关对公务员的惩戒办法,并未像西方根据司法独立的特征确立区别于公务员的惩戒方式,因此,我国迄今未建立健全的符合法官职业特点的惩戒制度,法官惩戒制度存在惩戒机构设置不合理,而惩戒事由过分依赖以结果标准进行判断的错案追究。因此,必须在司法独立及司法公正宏观理念的指导下,对我国法官惩戒制度进行完善。弹劾法官可以考虑由各级人大常委会负责审理和作出决定,但对于法官的违法违纪行为的惩戒,仍应由法院负责。应在法院内部设置专门的惩戒委员会,具体实施法官法的惩戒制度。同时要完善法官惩戒事由,在保留原来合理的法定惩戒事由的同时,亦应增加一些立法中疏漏的惩戒事由,且必须改革司法实践中广泛存在的错案追究制,不应再以结果标准来判断错案,而应以程序标准来判断错案。程序的行政化和模糊性是目前我国法官惩戒制度的重大缺陷,我国法官惩戒程序应当根据司法的具体特点加以改革,使其具有可操作性。由法律专门规定严密、详尽、操作性强的程序制度,将法官惩戒程序从行政公务员的惩戒程序中分离出来,对法官惩戒案件的受理、立案、审理、执行做出明确规定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the power restriction and inner need of the independence of the judicature and promoting the realization of the law itself logic integrity, at the same time, in order to prevent the judge using right at will, the countries all over the world constructed judge disciplinary to prevent and punish the judge’s crime. The judge disciplinary system according to law is illegal act and negative evaluation system. The legal and effective for the judge to retribution, establishing reasonable disciplinary institution is particularly important, foreign judges disciplinary agencies are special disciplinary organs, to judge by special disciplinary institution within the judicial or judicial improper conduct retribution. Because of the judicial administrative is serious, and pursuiting formal justice and the judge quality isn’t good. the disciplinary system in our country is not independence from administrative as western country.Therefore, China has not constructed a professional characteristics disciplinary system, the judge disciplinary system has unreasonable disciplinary institution. Disciplinary reasons relying too much on as a result of the criteria for making judgments a crime shall be investigated for. Therefore, it must be more perfect under the idea of the judicature and the judicial justice macroscopic. National People’s Congress can be responsible for the judge’s impeachment, but the court itself still should be responsible for the judge’s illegal indiscipline disciplinary. The court should set up inside special disciplinary commission, and the concrete implementation disciplinary system enacted. At the same time to improve the disciplinary reasons, in keep the original reasonable legal disciplinary reasons at the same time, it should also add some legislation omission disciplinary reasons, and reform the judicial practice, it should not to judge judge’s crime by the criterion of program standard. The program administrative and fuzziness is also the big defects of our country’s disciplinary system, the judge disciplinary procedures shall be reformed too. The judge disciplinary procedures must be differ from administrative disciplinary procedures, and it should be exhaustive and feasible according to law.更多还原