【作者】 王俊；

【导师】 封文和；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 作为中国文学瑰宝的古典诗歌，在中外文化交流的过程中起着不可或缺的作用。自从19世纪晚期第一部英译汉语古典诗歌的诞生到今天繁荣的翻译事业，英译汉语古典诗歌的历史不算太长，但是伴随其成长过程的可译和不可译问题一直存在。本文从汉语本身出发，回归翻译第一步——源语理解阶段，试图通过展示源语作为诗歌媒介的各种特质，展示汉语古典诗歌在翻译过程中的必然损失，试图提出各种损失，也就是通常所讨论的不可译性问题的补偿问题。汉语作为一种不同于英语的声调语言，一字一音节，在长久的演变过程中形成了自己独特的诗律模式和美感特质，从最早的四言古诗，到后来成熟的唐诗，再到后来的宋词元曲以及小令，形式和格律发展日渐完善，其音乐性和美感与其形式密不可分，互为因果。汉语诗歌的美感除了本身意义之外，其声律亦是不可忽视的文学载体，这种内在因素使汉语诗歌在转化成别的语言时，很难兼及形、声、意完备。虽然长久以来各种努力和尝试层出不穷，但都不能有效解决不可译问题。本文作者以翻译批评身份出发，先考察古今中外学者对不可译问题的探讨，进而深入汉语语言本身，讨论汉语古典诗歌形式的演变过程，分别论及形式和因形式而带来的声音美感，同时兼及在汉语诗歌形成过程中的诗歌创作传统，各种常规意象和思维模式，从而提供一种对汉语本身的深入了解，从翻译的角度来说，确保翻译第一步不至于失之毫厘。本文最后提出作者自己的几条补偿建议，灵活处理译文和原文，当形式在源语中不允许改动的情况下，最好要在译语中再现原文形式；中西双方译者的协作，在作者看来应该是翻译中减少损失的相对理想模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Classical Chinese poetry is universally acknowledged as the gem of Chineseliterature and its importance in cross-cultural communication can never beoveremphasized. Although the translation history of classical Chinese poetry is rathershort, the debate over whether it can be adequately translated or not is unceasing. Theauthor of this paper will not take an absolute stance on this debate but believes thatclassical Chinese poetry can be translated, but with some inevitable losses. The lossesare what are termed in this paper ‘untranslatability’, that is, how much or to what degreea poem can be translated.The focus of this paper will be demonstrating the unique features of the Chineselanguage as a medium for classical Chinese poetry. In this sense, a better view of howthe aesthetic effect of classical poetry is achieved will be formed and in so doing, adeeper understanding of the poetry per se will be accomplished. This paper is in anattempt to manifest the importance of the long-ignored practice of close examination ofthe original text.Case studies will be analysed to reveal the problems involved in the translationprocess, such as the dual identities of the translators; the inherent problems, eg findingthe original meaning of a language now far removed from modern times; the rhythmschemes; poetical forms development; and, some traditional ways of thinking. All thesecontribute to the genuine understanding of classical Chinese poetry. As a result, someremedies are suggested by the author, including the necessity of cooperation betweentranslators of both the source and target languages, in the hope that a betterunderstanding from the very beginning and a better production at the very end will beachieved.更多还原