【作者】 李晟；

【导师】 万会雄；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 安全及与环境友善消防技术的应用已成为当今世界环保领域发展的主要趋势。细水雾灭火技术以其灭火效率高、耗水量少和安全环保等特点,已成为卤代烷等传统灭火介质的主要替代品,并在消防领域得到了推广应用。手动电磁水阀是固定式高压细水雾灭火系统的重要控制元件,其性能好坏直接影响细水雾灭火系统的工作性能。现有的水压开关阀多采用管式或板式结构,集成度较低,造成了阀芯因腐蚀或堵塞易出现卡死现象,系统管网布置复杂,使用和维修不便。本文对固定式高压细水雾灭火系统的设计、系统关键元件—手动电磁水阀及其性能以及系统灭火效应进行研究,对推动细水雾灭火技术在消防领域的发展和应用具有重要作用。本文在对细水雾成雾原理、灭火机理研究的基础上,根据细水雾灭火系统的设计标准,并结合实际工况,设计出了固定式高压细水雾灭火系统；并分别对其基本功能、系统组成、启动运行方式和主要技术参数进行了阐述。根据高压细水雾灭火系统的技术要求,本文确定了手动电磁水阀的技术指标和功能要求。针对水压元件常遇到的密封、腐蚀及气蚀等问题,设计出了手动电磁水阀的具体结构。所设计的手动电磁水阀采用螺纹插装阀的结构形式,能实现手动和电动两种控制方式,具有较高的集成性、抗腐蚀性和抗气蚀性等特点。在所建立的手动电磁水阀数学模型的基础上,利用Fluent软件对其主阀流场和气穴流场进行了数值仿真,得出了流场的压力分布图、速度矢量图和流线图等。通过对阀不同开口度的流场仿真,明确了影响手动电磁水阀流场特性的相关因素；通过对阀在不同边界条件下气穴流场的仿真分析,确定了该阀流场中较易产生气穴现象的部位,并分析了影响气穴程度的因素,为手动电磁水阀的优化设计提供了理论依据。根据细水雾灭火系统相关标准中所规定的试验方法,利用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS,建立了细水雾灭火模型；基于上述模型,对细水雾灭火系统的灭火效应进行了数值仿真,并分析了火情大小、细水雾喷头的布置形式以及喷头与火源的距离等因素对系统灭火效应的影响。所得到的结果对细水雾灭火系统的设计及试验具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Application of safety and environmental friendly fire protection technology has become the main trend in the field of environmental protection in the world. With high fighting efficiency, low water consumption, safe and environmental friendly and so on, water mist fire extinguishing technology have become the main substitute for such as halon fire extinguishing technology, being widely used in the field of fire protection. Manual-magnetic water valve is an important control element of the fixed high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system, its properties have a direct impact on control performance of the system. Tubular or plate structure are usually used for hydraulic switching valve existing with less integrated, resulting in blockage phenomenon of its core due to corrosion or blockage, complex pipe network arrangement and in convenience to the use and maintenance of the system. The design of fixed high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system, design of manual-magnetic water valve, performance of the valve, and fire extinguishing effect of the system are researched in this paper, that is of great significance to improving the development and application of water mist fire extinguishing technology in the field of fire control.Based on the studies of the principle of water mist forming and fire suppression by water mist, fixed high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system is developed combined the real working condition. Its basic functions, components, start-up operation mode and main technical parameters are expatiated in this paper.The specifications and functional requirements of manual-magnetic water valve are decided, according to the technical requirements of high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system in this article. The concrete structure of valve is designed against common issues of hydraulic parts such as seals, corrosion and cavitation. The valve takes the structure of threaded cartridge valve, with manual and electromagnetic control mode, and with better integration, anti-corrosion and anti-cavitation. Based on the mathematical model of manual-magnetic water valve, the flow field of main valve and cavitation of manual-magnetic water valve are simulated with software (Fluent), obtained pressure map, velocity vector and flow diagram. By the simulation analysis cavitation flow field of valve under different boundary conditions, the factors that influence the flow field characteristicsare made clear. Locations of cavitation caused easily in the flow field of valve are found according to the simulation of valve flow field with valve’s different widths, and the factors that influence the degree of cavitation are analyzed, those provides theory basis for the optimization design of manual-magnetic water valve.According to the experimental methods in the standards of water mist fire extinguishing system, the model of water mist fire suppression is established using fire dynamic simulation software (FDS).Based on the model, the extinguishing effect of water mist fire extinguishing system is studied by numerical simulation, the effects of such factors as fire size, layout of water mist nozzles and distance of nozzle with fire-fighting to the extinguishing effect of system are analyzed. The obtained results provide a reference value about design and experiment of water mist fire extinguishing system.更多还原