【作者】 程凯；

【导师】 杨红刚；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的高速发展,对于高速公路的需求也随之急剧增长。然而,在公路项目建设的过程中,必然会产生诸如大气污染,废水污染,固体废弃物污染等一系列环境问题。其中项目施工期大气颗粒物污染直接危害着施工人员及周边居民的身体健康,因此必须对其实施环境监理。目前,高速公路环境监理所采取的手段和方法在我国正处在尝试阶段。如何提高对大气颗粒物污染的监理效率成为了近年来环境监理人员探讨和研究的重点。本文主要针对高速公路环境监理施工期间大气颗粒物污染物扩散状态,利用计算机软件,结合地理信息系统相关知识,建立基于GIS的组件系统,并模拟颗粒物扩散浓度在周边大气的分布状况,最终对其可视化输出。对于环境监理过程而言,该系统能够根据实时监测数据以及相关大气环境质量标准,对相关区域进行环境质量评价,并突出显示污染超标敏感区域,为环境监测人员实施监管提供依据。本论文的主要工作如下：(1)研究大气污染扩散模拟的多种方法,并选取对于大气颗粒物的扩散模拟最为贴切的方法。(2)对大气颗粒物污染扩散利用GIS组件式开发出的软件进行浓度扩散模拟。(3)分析了我国在工程环境监理中对大气污染颗粒物检测监理的主要手段,比较其优劣。(4)通过集成的数据库中的相关评价标准方案,对公路施工过程中大气颗粒物污染作出评价并提供治理的决策支持。实践表明,将GIS和DSS结合,运用到环境监理中能够较为准确的模拟大气颗粒物的扩散状况,并且能极大的提高环境监理人员对大气颗粒物扩散的监理效果。因此,本研究对于提高公路环境监理质量有着积极的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of economy in our country, the demand for highway construction grows sharply. However, in the process of highway project construction, various kinds of environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution and solid waste pollution occur. Particularly, atmosphere particulate pollution directly brings harm to constructors and nearby residents. At present, the means and methods adopted in highway environmental supervision are in the trial sub stage domestically. And in recent years, it has become a critical topic among environmental supervision personnel and focus of research to improve the efficiency of supervision in atmospheric particulate pollution.This paper presents a system which achieves the visual output of atmosphere particulate pollution diffusion state during the highway construction. This system takes into account the knowledge of the geography information system, while setting up component system based on GIS and simulating the concentration distribution of particulate matter in ambient atmosphere. For the process of environmental supervision, this system also provides basis for environmental supervision personnels via doing environmental quality assessment to relevant area with real-time monitoring data and ambient air quality standard, and highlighting the sensitive area.The main points in this paper are as followed:(1) Studying the ways of simulating the concentration distribution of particulate, and selecting the most suitable one.(2) Simulating the atmosphere particulate diffusion with the GIS compoment software.(3) Analysing and comparing the main means of environmental supervision for atmosphere particulate pollution in China.(4) Through relevant assesment standard program in integrated database, assessing the atmosphere particulate pollution during the highway construction, and proposing reasonable support of management.In practice, it indicates that the combination of GIS and DSS utilized in the environmental supervision can accurately simulate the concentration distribution of particulate matter and highly improve the supervision efficiency in diffusion of atmosphere particulate matter. Consequently, this study plays a positive role in the improvement of highway environmental supervision.更多还原