【作者】 张琴；

【导师】 石英；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 在能源和环保形势日益严峻的今天,电动汽车的开发备受世界瞩目,燃料电池电动汽车以其独特的节能环保优势得到广泛的重视。由于燃料电池输出特性偏软,它通常与蓄电池组或超级电容等辅助能源联合作为整车动力源。因此,研究合适的控制策略实现多能源动力系统的能量分配和流向,以期提高整车性能,已成为当前燃料电池电动汽车研发领域的关键和热点问题。本文基于自主研发的燃料电池汽车实验平台展开对能量管理策略的研究,主要内容如下：首先,理论分析了辅助能源的特性和动力系统的结构,从而确定燃料电池通过DC/DC变换器与锂电池组并联结构。针对该结构分析了能量管理的必要性,制定了能量管理的多目标：保证燃料电池的稳定性和耐久性、保证锂电池组的合理充放电、兼顾整车动力性和经济性。基于提出的动力系统结构,设计了能量管理实验平台,阐述了实验平台的工作原理,对动力系统及其他部件的参数进行了优化配置,确立了不同车型的车体参数,为实现实车模拟运行构造条件。接着,从能量管理的最终目标出发,分析得到影响整车能量分配的两个主要因素：整车需求功率和锂电池组的SOC值,确定了DC/DC变换器为能量管理控制策略的执行部件。依据整车需求功率和锂电池组SOC值,对动力系统的工作模式进行划分,研究了基于神经网络预测控制的能量管理方法,从而求取DC/DC变换器的给定电流值。最后,在能量管理实验平台的工控上位机中嵌入能量管理策略,设定整车多工况循环的运行方式。依据不同工况,测试了燃料电池和锂电池组输出功率、输出电流对比曲线,分析了基于神经网络预测控制的能量管理策略对两者的功率匹配效果及对能量流向的管理效果。实验结果表明锂电池组对燃料电池的输出功率起到“去峰填谷”的作用,保证燃料电池始终工作在安全高效区域。本文所做的工作为燃料电池汽车动力系统的结构设计、配置、选型以及系统优化控制等方面提供了思路,对燃料电池电动汽车的实车开发有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As energy and environmental problems become increasingly serious these days, the development of electric vehicles takes attention of the world and the fuel cell electric vehicles become famous for the unique energy conservation and environmental protection characteristic. In fact, the fuel cell is usually used as the power source of vehicles along with auxiliary energy supply. This thesis will research on the energy management system based on a self-developed test bench. The main contents are as follows:The first part discussed the topology of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle power system, and then the indirect parallel fuel cell power system is selected. The system aims at guaranteeing the stability and durability of fuel cell and making sure that the batteries reasonably charge and discharge, and taking into account the vehicle performance and fuel economy.Then the thesis introduces the composition and working principles of the fuel cell-battery hybrid electric vehicle test bench, and the vehicle driving model is established.The next part analyses the two factors that affect the energy distribution and presents the neural network predictive control method to realize energy management. Then the experiment on the test bench to test the energy management system through driving-cycle is presented. It obtains many groups of results. The results show that the energy management control strategy achieves the expected goal.The thesis provides the train of thought on the structure design, the configuration, the type selection and system optimization control of fuel cell electric vehicle power system. Besides, the thesis has the certain reference value for the development of real vehicle.更多还原