【作者】 郭玲；

【导师】 张福娟；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 特殊教育学（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 人际信任指的是个体对于一般人是否有诚心、善意及信任别人的看法,具体表现为个体对他人的行为以及口头或书面的表达为可靠的一种概括化的期望。作为个体在人际交往中形成的一种较为稳定的心理特质,人际信任对于个体维持良好的人际关系和保持心理和谐至关重要。工读学校学生大多存在情绪行为问题和心理偏差,容易与他人发生冲突,人际关系不良,他们的人际信任状况值得关注,其人际信任的影响因素有待探究。本研究旨在了解工读学校学生人际信任的现状和特征,同时通过自编问卷探究影响工读学校学生人际信任的主要因素,为工读学校开展相关方面的教育提供参考。本研究从上海市不同区县的7所工读学校和2所普通中学中选取了237名工读学校学生和159名普通学生作为研究对象,采用马氏儿童量表中文修订版和自编的《人际信任影响因素问卷》对工读学校学生人际信任的现状、特点以及主要影响因素进行了探讨。研究结果显示：1、工读学校学生的整体人际信任水平低于普通初中生,主要表现在不信任和对人性缺乏信任两个方面。与普通初中生相比,工读学校学生的不信任感更高,对人性的看法更为消极。2、工读学校学生的人际信任存在显著的年级差异,随着年级的升高而降低,初一学生的诚实性更高,对人性的看法也最为积极；工读学校学生的人际信任水平在性别、独生与否、家庭完整度、家庭所在地上不存在显著差异。3、探索性因子分析结果表明,自编的《人际信任影响因素问卷》信效度良好,可以在本研究中加以使用。4、回归分析发现,五个因子中,家庭环境、同伴关系和生活事件三个因子对工读学校学生的整体人际信任具有显著影响。对人性缺乏信任受家庭环境和同伴关系的影响,不诚实性受家庭环境和生活事件的影响,不信任性受生活事件的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Interpersonal Trust refers to one’s view of person’s goodwill, sincere desires and trust of others,which is crucial for one to maintain good interpersonal relations and keep psychological harmony as a relatively stable psychological characteristics formed in interpersonal communication. Interpersonal Trust is specifically expressed in particular about generalized expectations of the reliabity of one’s behaviors and expressions in oral or written. Most stusents in Gong-du school have emotional or behavioral problems and psychological deviation,which makes them easily conflict with other people and be in bad interpersonal relations.So more attention should be paid to the interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students and more research should be done to explore the factors affecting their’interpersonal trust.This research aimed to invesgate the status and characteristics of Gong-du school students’interpersonal trust. Meanwhile,this research analyzed th factors which would affect the interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students and provided valuable educational advices for Gong-du school.This research selected237students from7Gong-du schools and159students from2normal junnior schools in shanghai as research objects, and used Kiddie Mach Scale and Questionnarie of Influencing Factors of Interpersonal Trust as measuring instruments to study the interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students.The results show that:1.Generally,the level of Gong-du school students’interpersonal trust is lower than that of students in normal junnor school with prominent differences in distrust and lack of trust in humanity. Compared with normal junnior students,their distrust level is higher and their view of humanity is more negative.2.There are significant grade differences in interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students.With the increase of grades,the level of Gong-du school students’ interpersonal trust is decreased. There are significant grade differences in interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students.Students in grade one tend to be more honest and have more positve attitudes toward humanity.Besides,there is not significant difference of interpersonal turst on sex, only child or not, family integrity or educational level of parents.3、Exploratory factor analysis results show that the Questionnarie of Influencing Factors of Interpersonal Trust designed by the author has good reliability and validity. It can be used in related research.4、The results of regression analysis show that family environment,peer relation and the life events have significant influence on interpersonal trust of Gong-du school students. Family environment and peer relation would influence lack of trust in humanity,while family environment and life events influence sense of dishonesty. In addition,life events also can predict sense of distrust.更多还原