【作者】 王蕾；

【导师】 杨百勤；

【作者基本信息】 陕西科技大学 ， 化学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 碳氟表面活性剂具有高的表面活性、化学和热稳定性以及憎水、憎油等特性，迄今为止，在已知的表面活性剂中，碳氟表面活性剂是表面活性最高的一种。本实验合成了一种阴离子型碳氟表面活性剂全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na， OBS)，其是目前碳氟表面活性剂中生产成本较低的一种，主要应用于一些精细化工领域，如碳氟型蛋白泡沫灭火剂等，还可用于共聚物的合成以及微胶囊的制备。相比其他碳氟表面活性剂，虽然OBS的生产成本较低，但是其性能相对较差，不能很好的发挥出其作为碳氟表面活性剂的优良性能，致使其在应用时受到一定的限制。本文考虑在碳氟表面活性剂中添加不同碳氢表面活性剂进行复配，使之在一定条件下发生协同作用，不仅可以降低两者的用量，还可以使复配液产生其各个单体所没有的独特性能；再对优选后较好复配液的润湿性能进行测试，得到表面活性和润湿性均最佳的复配体系。从而拓展其实际应用范围。本文以六氟丙烯三聚体(C₉F₁₈)和苯酚（C₆H₅OH）为原料，合成了阴离子型表面活性剂全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na，OBS)。使用红外（FT-IR）与核磁共振（nuclearmagnetic resonance spectroscopy，NMR）技术对合成的OBS分子结构进行表征和分析，再对其表面活性（如表面张力）、表面吸附性能和润湿性能进行测试。实验结果表明，本实验中合成OBS的方法工艺较简单，容易操作，有较低的临界胶束浓度（cmc为0.94mmol/L），此时的最低表面张力(γ_cmc为20.81mN/m)也较低；之后再用Gibbs吸附公式和吸附分子极限面积公式计算吸附性能，结果显示其分子在液面紧密排列。另外，本文通过全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na，OBS)分别与十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、四丁基溴化铵（TBAB）和聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（OP）进行复配，研究了OBS与阴、阳离子型短链季铵盐以及非离子型碳氢表面活性剂之间的相互作用和润湿性能，以及不同摩尔比下碳氟–碳氢表面活性剂复配体系水溶液的临界胶束浓度（cmc）、最低表面张力(γ_cmc)、以及阴-阴、阴-阳离子型短链季铵盐表面活性剂和阴非离子型表面活性剂复配体系的总饱和吸附量(Γ_tm)，极限分子面积(A_min)。实验数据显示，通过与三种不同的表面活性剂复配，在适当的复配比下，体系的cmc和γ_cmc被降低；当阴-阴和阴-非离子表面活性剂摩尔比为5:1时，cmc和γ_cmc均较小；阴-短链季铵盐表面活性剂在等摩尔比时表面活性最好。同时对阴-阴、阴-短链季铵盐表面活性剂和阴-非离子表面活性剂相应摩尔比时在涂有石蜡的玻璃板上的接触角进行了测量。前两种复配体系在高浓度区复配溶液的润湿性介于OBS和SDS（TBAB）单体之间。而低浓度区复配体系显示较好的润湿性。对于阴-非离子表面活性剂复配体系，混合液的润湿性比任何单一体系的要好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fluorocarbon surfactants have high surface activity, chemical andthermal stability and hydrophobic, oleophobic properties. By far, It isone of the surface which has the highest surface active of knownedsurfaces. In this paper, A kind of anionic fluorocarbon surfactant whichis sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na,OBS) was syntheticed, The production cost of OBS is lower than theother fluorocarbon surfactants, It was mainly used in the fluorocarbonprotein foam agent, wetting agent, dispersant agent, and also used asemulsifier in the preparation of microcapsule and copolymer synthesis.Although, the production cost of OBS is low, but Its surface activity ispoor. This paper considered that mixed the fluorocarbon surfactantswith different hydrocarbon surfactants, Make them have synergismtakeunder certain conditions, It can not only reduce its cost, but also canplay the unique properties which is do not have of both monomers; And,Wettability of the good effect mixture was tested. Then, we can got thecompound with system which had surface activity and wettability are allthe best. So, This can expand its actual application.This article used six fluoride acrylic trimer （C9F18） and phenol（C₆H₅OH） as raw materials, A type of anionic surfactantperfluorocarbon nonene oxo benzene sulfonic acid sodium(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na, OBS) was syntheticed. Using infrared （FT-IR） andnuclear magnetic resonance （nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,NMR） technology to characterized and analyzed its molecular structure,And then the surface activity, surface adsorption performance andwettability was tested. The research results showed that the synthesis method of the OBS technology is simple, and easy to operate, the OBShas the very good surface activity, lower critical micelle concentration（cmc is0.94mmol/L） and lower critical surface tension (γ_cmcis20.81mN/m); Using Gibbs adsorption the formula to calculate the aqueoussurfactant solution surface adsorption performance, prove the moleculein the liquid level close arrangement.In addition, In this work, p-Perfluorononenyloxy benzene sulfonate(C₉F₁₇OC₆H₄SO₃Na, OBS) was mixed with different types of surfactantSodium dodecyl sulfate, Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide andEmulsifier OP, abbr: SDS, TBAB and OP, respectively. The interactionand wettability of OBS and anion, cation and nonionic hydrocarbonsurfactants mixtures. And the critical micelle concentration （cmc）, theminimum surface tension (γ_cmc) of the hydrogenated-fluorinatedsurfactant mixtures under different molar ratios were investigated. Andthe maximum surface amount adsorbed (Γ_tm) and the limited surfacearea per molecule (A_min) of the anion-anion, anion-cation surfactantmixtures. It showed that, the mixed surfaces have better properties, suchas both the cmc and γ_cmcof the mixtures are lowered under the suitablemolar ratio; About the OBS-SDS and OBS-OP, the molar ratio of5:1, itshows lesser cmc and γ_cmc,OBS-TBAB, During the all molar ratios, the1:1molar ratio showed the best surface activity; Meanwhile, thewettability of the mixed systems were explored under their homologousmolar ratios, The basement is glass plate which was coated withparaffin. The contact angles of OBS-SDS and OBS-TBAB at theses bestmolar ratio are range between the single system of SDS and OBS at highconcentration period, But it is the smallest at low concentraction, Andthe OBS-OP system mixture shows the best wettability at the best molarratio.更多还原