【作者】 张芳；

【导师】 蒋含平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 新闻学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 20年代左右的民国是一个变幻莫测的年代。这一时期,西方列强对中华民族的殖民入侵仍在继续,封建军阀内部的连年混战亦未消停,又有“五四”以来各种新思想的广泛传播……时局动荡和种种历史事件带来的,是近代中国漫长而痛苦的转型蜕变,近代中国社会发展不均,不同地区间差异明显。自明清以来便旅居在外的徽州人士,一面目睹着外部世界(如上海)的日新月异,一面眼见着家乡社会(徽州地区)的衰败景象,一种焦虑感和使命感油然而生。他们在接受“五四”新思想洗礼的同时,对家乡社会产生了强烈的改良愿望,由于常年旅居在外,旅外徽人在侨寓地创办了一批针对家乡的刊物,并在当时有一定影响。旅沪徽人同乡团体“徽社”及其所办刊物《微音》,就是其中的典型。1923年,旅居上海的绩溪青年学子程本海、邵雪奴、胡梦华等人,在胡适、汪孟邹的提议发起下,成立了“绩溪学社”并创办旬刊《微音》,次年“学社”更名“徽社”,改《微音》为月刊继续发行。作为“徽社”与家乡互通消息和进行启蒙表达的官方媒介,《微音》从创刊之初就明确了“联络乡谊、研讨学术、改造乡土”的宗旨,并势要成为“我徽州人的喉舌”,在当时的旅外徽人同乡和家乡群众中颇有影响,本文即是对这一徽人学子团体及其所办刊物进行的一次较为全面的考察研究。第一章作为背景介绍,主要交代了自清末至民国时期,旅外徽人群体的基本情况。从早期的徽商到后期徽人学子的加入,民国旅外徽人数量依然蔚为壮观。本章从地缘纽带、学缘基础和媒介关系三方面,对民国时期的旅外徽人群体进行了多角度的分析展示,并且梳理了自清末至民国时期一些主要的旅外徽人团体,为进入研究主题做好相关铺垫。第二章正式介绍“徽社”学子群与《微音》。本章分别介绍了“徽社”与《微音》的发展轨迹、运作模式和刊物的内容构成、宗旨等基本情况。笔者认为“徽社”与《微音》的发展是一个递进的轨迹,作为一种组织,“徽社”还形成了一套自己的管理方法和刊物的运营模式,而《微音》则是一份以言论为主的综合性刊物,其目的在于“改造乡土”。第三章主要围绕《微音》的文本展开研究,通过对《微音》的文本分析,可以看到“徽社”群体对家乡进行了各类启蒙表达。他们极力提倡新式教育,特别是陶行知发起的平民教育运动,宣扬“五四”以来的新思想新文学；他们批判旧制陋习,对家乡的公共建设事业如交通、农桑等积极推动,并对家国战事表达了密切关注。在“徽社”学子进行启蒙表达的同时,他们也在建构一幅想象中的美好“新徽州”图景。第四章则对“徽社”群体的身份认同和社会交往进行了考察。共同的地缘纽带联结起了旅外徽人群体,“徽社”的本质属性是同乡组织,由于都是求学在外的青年,他们的聚合还有一层学缘上的相近关系。双重身份认同决定了他们所呈现的社交网络,他们重视社员内部的联结,通过“社员通讯录”和一系列社务活动增进社员间的联系往来；在外部交往上,他们与胡适、陶行知两位皖籍名人来往密切,与其他徽人团体和家乡政府也有相关互动。然而这种外部交往并没有超越“同乡”的范围,是一种自封的、有限的交往。第五章是全文的升华,将“徽社”和《微音》推回至彼时的时代背景中,以更加宏观、深刻的视野来对其加以透视分析。由于民国特殊的时代环境,旅外徽人的生长故里徽州和旅居地上海在近代以后差距日大,徽州作为传统的乡村社会已开始式微,而上海在近代开埠之后发展迅速。“徽社”也好,其他旅沪徽人团体也好,他们在上海始终无法进入城市的“内心”,在家乡与城市间的游走徘徊,和身份角色带来的尴尬处境,令旅外徽人们倍感焦虑。在此基础上,我们还可窥探旅外徽人报刊活动带给我们的一些意义和启示,如身份认同与刊物立场的关系,区域文化和刊物走向的关系等。最后的结语,笔者对文章做了概括性总结。首先肯定《微音》在联络乡谊、启蒙家乡上发挥的正面作用,它既是乡人获取客地信息的重要渠道,也是徽州人将区域文化对外发散的一种表达方式。而强烈的家乡观念,又使“徽社”群体始终徘徊在家乡和城市之间,一种既想融入都市,又不愿割舍家乡的矛盾心态,在他们身上尽显,然而最终却导致了两者的尽失。这种现象抛给我们一个疑问,它究竟是“徽社”与《微音》的个案现象,还是民国时期旅外徽人团体及其所办刊物的普遍结局,这或许更值得我们思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Republic of China in1920s was in the age of vagaries. During this period, Western powers continued the colonial invasion to the Chinese Nation, the feudal warlords’internal scuffle was not consummation after many years, also the variety of new ideas since the May4th Movement was widely disseminated. Political turbulence and various historical events that brought to us, was modern China’s long and painful transition and transmutation. The development of modern Chinese society was uneven, and obvious differences between different regions. Huizhou people had been resided outside since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they witnessed the ever-changing in the outside world like Shanghai from one side, yet seeing the declining scene of their hometown Huizhou from the other side, a sense of anxiety and mission welled up. They started up a strong desire of improving downtown world, meanwhile accepting the baptism of the "May Fourth Movement" new ideas. For years of living outside, Huizhou people had established a series of newspapers for hometown in their living places, and gained a certain influence at that time. The native group that living in Shanghai called Hui She and its publication Wei Yin, is the typical case.In1923, under the proposal and origination from Hu Shi and Wang Mengzou, Jixi young students living in Shanghai named Cheng Benhai, Shao Xuenu, Hu Menghua and some other people, established the Jixi Study Club and its weekly publication Wei Yin. Next yeas, Study Club renamed Hui She, and reformed Wei Yin to monthly publication to continue its issue. As the official media to exchange information and enlighten expressions between Hui She and their hometown, Wei Yin had cleared the purpose "contact native friendship, discuss academic, transformation of local society" at the beginning of its starting, potential to become "our Huizhou people’s mouthpiece", and was influential with Huizhou people both in hometown and outside. This article is a more comprehensive study of research to this young group and its publication.Chapter one as the background, mainly account that from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, some basic situation of Huizhou people traveling outside. From the early Huizhou businessman to the late Huizhou young students’joining, the quantity of Huizhou people traveling outside was still huge in the time of the Republic of China. This part analyzed the Huizhou people traveling outside from multi-angle, by geopolitical ties, the edge of the foundation and the media relations. Also combined some important outside Huizhou people groups since the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. Do relate to pave the way to enter the research topic.Chapter two introduced Hui She and Wei Yin formally. This chapter introduced Hui She and Wei Yin’s development trajectory, mode of operation, contents and purpose of the publication and so on. The author believes that the development of Hui She and Wei Yin is a progressive trajectory. As an organization, Hui She had also formed its own management and operating mode of publications, while Wei Yin is a speech-based comprehensive magazine, its purpose is to "transform the local society".Chapter three mainly conducts research around Wei Yin’s text. Through the analysis of Wei Yin’s text, we can see Hui She expressed various enlightenments to their hometown. They strongly advocated new education, especially civilian education campaigns initiated by Tao Xingzhi, disseminate new ideas and new literature since the May4th Movement. They critiqued the old system and bad habits, actively promoted the hometown public building career such as transportation, agriculture etc. And paid close attention to the war both in the home and the country. They were building a beautiful "new Huizhou" imaginary picture when Hui She students expressing enlightenments.Chapter four investigated the identity and social interaction of Hui She group. Common geopolitical ties links outside Huizhou people groups, the essential attribute of Hui She is fellow Societies. Because most of them were students living outside, the aggregation of them also based on a similar learning relationship. Dual identities determined their social networking, they valued members internal links, by "members contacts" and a series of community activities, they enhanced the links between members. In the external contact, they had close relationship with two celebrities from Anhui namely Hu Shi and Tao Xingzhi, also interacted with other Huizhou people groups and the government in their hometown. However, this external contact did not go beyond the scope of the "native people", it is a self-styled, limited contact.Chapter five is a full sublimation of the whole article. We put Hui She and Wei Yin back to the background of that times, use a more macro profound vision to Insight it. For the special environment of that time, The outside Huizhou people’s hometown and their living palace Shanghai had gotten a growing gap after modern times. Huizhou as a traditional rural society has begun to decline, while Shanghai had developed rapidly after modern times. No matter Hui She or other Huizhou people groups, they had never been able to enter the "inner heart" of the city in Shanghai. Wandering between their hometown and the city, and the embarrassing situation brought by Identity roles, made them feel more anxiety. On this basis, we can also pry some significance and revelations from outside Huizhou people’s newspaper activities, such as the relationship between identity and newspaper’s stance, regional cultural and newspaper’s trend.Final conclusion, the author made a generality summarize to the hole article. Wei Yin’s positive effect of contacting fellow friendship, enlightening hometown society should be affirmed. It is not only an important channel for local people to get information from outside, but also a mode of expression for Huizhou people to spread their regional cultural. While strong hometown values, also made them always hover between hometown and the city. An ambivalence that want to integrate into the city, also do not want to break away from hometown, was obviously filled on them, but they lost both in the end. The phenomenon lives us a question, is it Hui She and Wei Yin’s case phenomenon, or the generally ending of outside Huizhou people in the Republic of China? maybe worth us to think more.更多还原