【作者】 肖云；

【导师】 汤素兰；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 童话是最富有儿童文学特点的一种文体,被誉为最纯真美好的人类话语。中国童话作为世界童话的一支,有着其独特的精神魅力和艺术特色。本论文旨在以小学教科书为文本,结合教育学、社会学、历史学等学科,在文本细读的基础上结合史料来深入探析中国童话的演变。本文主要按照小学语文教科书的历史发展脉络,从现代以前、现代和当代三个阶段着手展开分析。全文共分四章。第一章旨在考察童话在现代以前的教材中的演变。这一时期,教材从蒙学读本发展到国文教科书,其现代意义上的文学童话尚未成形,但最能体现其文学本质的幻想性已孕育在教材中为数不多的神话、传说和寓言之中。本章即以具有代表性的启蒙读物《千字文》、《幼学琼林》、《龙文鞭影》和民初教科书《共和国教科书新国文》为文本,分析这一体现童话文学性的幻想因子在教材的载体中由古代延伸到近代的变化。第二章重在探究童话在现代教科书里的演变。这一阶段是小学语文教材的国语教科书时期,现代意义上的中国文学童话形成,并开始真正地进入到教科书之中。由于教科书与生俱来的育人功能,教科书里的童话自诞生起就蕴含着文学与教育的二元性。二元性的制衡与倾斜,成为教科书童话演变过程中的主要特征。在现代三十年里,童话在历史脉络中细化出不同的态势,而1937年全国统一抗战是该时期的历史转折点,战前与战后的童话和教材由于政治的影响,呈现出明显的差异性。所以,这一阶段以全面抗战为分界线,分为两部分阐发,在《新学制国语教科书》、《开明国语读本》、《修正初小国语教科书》、华北版《国语课本》等具有代表性的文本的细读上具体考察童话从五四时期到30年代中期、从30年代中期到建国前所具体呈现的演变特点。第三章意在探讨童话在当代教科书里的演变。建国后初期,小学语文进入到语文教科书时期,全国中小学一律使用国定的统编本,不再使用自编本,直到1986年之后才有“一纲一本”向“一纲多本”的转变。在这漫长的过程中,童话也发生了新的变化,其文学性与教育性在结合上呈现出新的格局。这一时期,童话在建国后十七年、“文革”和新时期三个阶段均呈现出不同的品貌。因此,本章分三个部分来阐述,以人民教育出版社出版的1955年版、1961年版、1987年版、1994年版和2001年版小学语文教科书及各省市自编的有代表性的小学语文教材为文本,通过史料的结合,探析从“教育为本”的十七年到政治泛滥的“文革”年代、再到改革开放的新时期的中国童话的发展走向。第四章为余论,对全文进行总结归纳,阐述教科书童话与笼而统之的中国童话的演变的关联,并引申出纯文学童话该如何嫁接到教科书这一不容忽视的议题。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the most charming and pure words of human, Fairy tale is most representative form of children literature.With its unique spiritual glamour and artistic feature, the fairy tale of China is an indispensible role in the world. Aimed at primary school textbooks as text, this paper combines pedagogy, sociology, history and other subjects on the basis of combining the historical data to analyze deeply the evolution of the Chinese fairy tale. According to the history and development of Chinese textbooks of primary school, the text will be analyzed from three stages, namely, pre-modern, modern and contemporary. The dissertation is divided into four chapters.The first chapter aims to review the evolution of fairy tales in the teaching materials in the pre-modern period. During this period, the modern fairy tale has not yet been formed. However, but it can reflect the nature of their literary fantasy has been conceived in a few myths, legends, and fables in the textbooks. This chapter will analyze some most representative works, such as "thousand character classic","young learn by","Long Wen BianYing" and "Republic of new Chinese textbooks", to figure out changes of literariness of the fairy tale fantasy factor in teaching material carrier of the ancient times to the modern times.The second chapter focuses on exploring the evolution of the fairy tale in the modern textbooks. This was a period of mandarin textbooks of primary school language teaching material to the development of the modern fairy tale. Fairy tales appeared in the textbooks. Because textbooks carry educational function, so fairy tales of textbooks contain the dual nature of literature and education since birth. The duality of balance and fight is the main characteristic in the process of evolution. In30years, the modern fairy tale in the context of history refines a different posture, and in1937, national Anti-Japanese War is the period of the historical turning point, before the war and the postwar fairy tale and materials due to the influence of political, presents the obvious difference. So this phase to total resistance line, divided into two parts, in the "new schooling mandarin textbooks","the enlightened Chinese reader", the fixed lower primary school Chinese textbooks, north China edition Chinese textbooks and other representative through a close reading of the text of the detailed study on the fairy tale from the may fourth period to mid30s,30s to the evolution of the concrete before the founding of the present.The third chapter is intended to explore the fairy tale in the evolution of the contemporary textbooks. In the early times of People’s Republic of China, the elementary school language into the language textbooks. The national primary and secondary schools use the national compile for universal use. After1986, the change from "the only textbook" to "one syllabus with more textbooks" occurs. During this long process, new changes have taken place in fairy tale, its literariness and the educational present a new pattern in combination. During this period, the fairy tale in the seventeen years after founding a state, the cultural revolution and the three stages in the new period are present a different appearance. Therefore, this chapter will be illustrated in three parts by analyzing textbook published by People’s Education Press, including edition of1955,1961,1987,1994and2001, along with textbooks published by different provinces and cities. It explores the development of fairy tales, including the primary school language teaching material to text, through the combination of historical materials, the analysis from education for17years to s political abuses in the cultural revolution, and the new period of Reform and Opening up period.The last chapter, the summary of development and significance of textbooks will be presented.And the issue that pure literary fairy tale grafted to the textbook can not be ignored.更多还原