【作者】 陈玲；

【导师】 丁加勇；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是关于长沙方言的同义单、双音节介词语法功能对比研究,主要探讨了同义的单双音节介词之间的对比、双音节介词之间的对比,以及它们与普通话介词的对比,包括在语法、语义方面的差异性,文章将分为四个章节进行描写与论述：第一章绪论部分主要概述了介词研究的基本现状,包括介词研究的一般理论成果、单双音节介词的研究现状。单双音节介词的研究现状中主要从普通话和各地方言中单、双音节介词的研究现状进行总结。从已有的研究成果来看,关于某一汉语方言同义的单、双音节介词的对比的还缺乏系统的研究,只在关于方言介词的系统研究中偶尔涉及到少量的同义单、双音节介词之间的区别意义研究。在长沙方言中,也没有关于同义的单、双音节介词的区别意义的系统研究,对于长沙方言的同义单、双音节介词的语法功能也缺乏一定的研究成果。其次,在绪论部分也谈到了文章研究的价值及意义。再次,主要是对长沙方言介词数量进行了确定。通过介词和动词的区分标准以及实地调查,从形式上和功能上初步确定长沙方言的介词的数量。由于文章主要是对于长沙方言单、双音节介词介词的对比研究,所以文章采取了按音节的方式对长沙方言的介词进行了系统的划分。第二章主要是对单音节介词“X”与它同义的双音节介词“X哒”的比较。在长沙方言中,“哒”可以附着在单音节的介词的后面,充当双音节介词的词缀。长沙方言中有的单音节介词本身具有多个义项,也可以引出多种语义角色,单音节介词和它相对应的“X哒”型双音节介词在使用上呈现不对称的情况,两者不能自由地替换,“哒”的有无对单音节介词的语法意义产生影响,“哒”对单音节介词和它相对应的双音节介词在语法、语义方面起到了区别作用。这一章节在句法和语义上分析比对了单音节介词“X”与它相对应的同义的“X哒”型双音节介词的差别。第三章是表被动的同义单音节介词与双音节介词对比研究。“送”、“送得”、“把得”、“送把”、“送得把”是长沙方言里有而普通话里没有的表被动的介词,这一章节首先描述了长沙方言有标记的被动句的语义与句法特征,然后探讨了单音节的“送”与它对应的“送得”、“送把”分别作为动词和介词使用时在语义、语法方面的显著差异。第四章是同义介词“把”和“把得”的对比研究。“把”和“把得”在长沙方言中可以作为表给予义的动词和表处置义的介词,作为介词使用时,“把”形成的句法格式和表示的语法意义比“把得”更具有多样性。这一章节主要从句法格式和介引的语义角色角度对“把”和“把得”进行了比较。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is about the systematic study of grammatical function of synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions in Changsha dialect. It focuses on the comparison of the synonymous monosyllabic prepositions, the comparison of disyllabic prepositions, and the comparison with mandarin, including the differences in grammar and semantic. The article discusses from four parts.Part one is the introduction part, and it mainly summarizes the basic situation of the preposition research, including the general theoretical achievements of the preposition research, and the research status of the monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions. The research status of monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions mainly summarizes from research status of monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions in Mandarin Chinese, and regional dialects in monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions research status. From the existing research results, system study is lack of contrast on a Chinese dialect of the synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions. Only in the systematic study of dialect prepositions occasionally involve different significance between a small number of synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions. There is no systematic research on synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions contrast, and synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions grammatical function is also a lack of certain research results in Changsha dialect. Moreover, it talks about the value and significance of the research. And it is about to determine the number of prepositions in Changsha dialect in the end of part one.Through the standard to distinguish between prepositions and verbs and personally investigation, The article is mainly for the comparison of the synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions, so it takes by way of syllable prepositions which system division in Changsha dialect.Part two is mainly about the comparison of the synonymous monosyiiabic prepositions of "X" with its synonymous disyllabic prepositions of "X哒(da)".In Changsha dialect, the word’‘哒(da)"not only can be the rear preposition of monosyllabic prepositions, but also can be the affix of disyllabic prepositions. In Changsha dialect, some disyllabic prepositions itself has multiple meanings, and can lead to a variety of semantic role. And the monosyllabic prepositions and their corresponding disyllabic prepositions of "X哒(da)" always show the asymmetry situation in the use, and they are not free to replace, the preposition of’‘哒(da)"has impact on the monosyllabic preposition grammatical meaning,the preposition of’‘哒(da)"played a role in distinguishing the monosyllabic prepositions from their corresponding preposition in syntax, semantic. The article mainly analyses the differences between the synonymous monosyllabic prepositions and their corresponding preposition of "X哒(da)" in grammar and semantics.Part three is the comparison of passive synonymous monosyllabic prepositions and disyllabic prepositions.“送(song)",’‘送得(song-de)‘把得(bade)",“送把(song-ba)", and"送得把(song-de-ba)"are the only passive prepositions in Changsha dialect. The fourth part describes the semantic and syntactic features of the marked passive sentences at first, and then discussed the significant differences between the monosyllabic preposition“送(song)" and its corresponding disyllabic prepositions of“送得(song-de)"and"送把(song-ba)"as the use of verbs and prepositions in semantics and grammar.Part four is the comparison of the prepositions about“把(ba)"and “把得(ba-de)".The prepositions of’‘把(ba)"and“把得(ba-de)"can be used as a verb of giving meaning and the prepositions of disposal. The preposition of’‘把(ba)" has more diversity in the grammatical meaning and the syntactic form of representation than the preposition“把得(ba-de)".The fifth part mainly discusses the comparison between the prepositions of’‘把(ba)"and’‘把得(ba-de)" in the angle of the syntax form and semantic role.更多还原