【作者】 徐彬；

【导师】 马永庆；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 道德评价是人类道德活动的重要组成部分，对个体道德品质的形成与发展，对人与人之间关系的协调，对社会道德风尚的改善，对维护道德规范的功能，都具有重要的作用。大学生的道德评价能力就是其对特定思想和行为在道德价值上的知、情、意、信、行之五大反应。对大学生进行道德评价能力的培养就是指在大学生道德评价能力形成过程中，发挥高校教育的主导作用，结合家庭、社会等各方面要素形成教育合力，重视大学生的自我评价与自我教育，对大学生道德评价的知、情、意、信、行五个方面进行全方位培养，以提高大学生的道德评价能力，并将道德认知转化为道德行为习惯作为终极目标。当前高校德育经过长期发展，在理论研究和实际培养两方面都取得一定成绩，但在对大学生进行道德评价能力培养过程中还存在诸多问题，道德评价教育理念不符合时代要求，道德评价标准和方法存在不足，道德评价教育体系不完善、方法单一、内容滞后，导致部分大学生缺乏对道德评价内涵的基本认识，未能形成较好的道德评价能力。因此，我们必须要针对当前大学生道德评价能力培养中存在的问题，积极寻找对策方法有效解决，以求提高大学生的道德评价能力，从而实现其全面发展，为社会主义事业培养合格的建设者和接班人。本文系统考察了国内外关于道德评价及道德评价能力培养的相关理论，主要探讨了大学生道德评价能力培养的内涵及其意义；大学生道德评价能力培养中存在的问题及其原因；大学生道德评价能力培养的对策。导言部分从理论意义和实践意义上分别论述了本论文的选题意义，从道德评价标准、方法、对象等方面综述古今中外的思想家们对道德评价问题的基本看法，特别是具体分析了当前大学生道德评价能力培养现状及存在的问题，阐述了本论文的研究方法和创新之处。第一部分主要是在综合中外思想家对道德评价问题研究的基础上，总结出道德评价、大学生道德评价能力和大学生道德评价能力培养的内涵，并结合当前高校思想道德教育的实际，从大学生自身发展和推动社会进步两大方面总结出当前对大学生进行道德评价能力培养的意义：有利于提高大学生的道德素质，有利于促进大学生人际关系的和谐，有利于弘扬校园文化精神。第二部分论述了当前高校德育从整体上来看取得了一定的进步，但是在道德评价能力培养方面仍然存在很多问题，主要体现在缺乏科学的培养理念与方法。究其原因主要是因为高校德育工作在以下方面力度不够：德育理念不适应时代的要求；道德评价能力培养缺失；道德评价教育体系不完善；道德评价教育方法不科学。除此之外，大学生自身价值观的影响和社会因素也是造成上述问题的原因。第三部分，针对第二部分论述的问题及原因，提出大学生道德评价能力培养的对策：首先，实现高校德育由重知识传授向重能力培养的转化，包括确立道德评价在德育体系中的重要地位、强化道德认知能力的培养、实践锻炼提高道德评价行为能力；其次，引导树立崇高的道德意识和正确的道德评价观念，如注重正确价值观教育、引导大学生确立自身的道德评价目标、学会宽容他人；再次，坚持正确的道德评价标准和科学的道德评价方法，如提高分清善恶、辨别是非的能力、强调道德评价标准的集体主义原则、传授科学的道德评价方法；最后，优化大学生道德评价能力的培养环境，包括为大学生创造道德评价能力锻炼的各种活动和社会实践条件、建设共同探讨道德评价的校园文化、占领网络德育新阵地。更多还原

【Abstract】 The moral evaluation is an important part of human moral activities, the formation anddevelopment of individual moral quality, coordination of the relationship between man and man,the social morality improvement, maintenance of moral function, plays an important role in.Moral evaluation of the ability of college students is five their reactions to specific thought andbehavior in moral value on cognition, emotion, wills, belief, behavior. Cultivation of moralevaluation capacity for college students refers to the moral evaluation of College Students’ abilityof the formation process, play a leading role in higher education, according to the family, socialand other factors form the resultant force of education, pay more attention to students’ selfevaluation and self-education, to carry out a full range of cultivating moral evaluation ofuniversity students five aspects, in order to enhance the moral evaluation of the ability of collegestudents, and to the moral cognition into moral behavior habits as the ultimate goal.The current moral education of colleges and universities after a long-term development, thetheory research and practical training two aspects have made certain achievements, but still existmany problems in moral evaluation capacity of the cultivation of college students, moralevaluation of educational philosophy does not comply with the requirements of the times, defectsof moral evaluation standard and evaluation method, the moral education system is not perfect,the single method, content lag, cause some students lack basic understanding of moral evaluationconnotation, failed to form good moral evaluation. Therefore, we must cultivate the ability for the current existing problems in college students’ moral evaluation, seek countermeasure activelyeffective method to solve, in order to improve the moral evaluation of the ability of collegestudents, so as to achieve the comprehensive development, cultivate qualified builders andsuccessors for the socialist cause.This paper investigates the domestic and foreign related theory about the cultivation ofmoral evaluation and moral evaluation capacity, mainly discusses the moral evaluation capacityof the connotation and significance of culture; the existing problems and reasons in thecultivation of moral evaluation ability of college students; Countermeasures of college studentsmoral evaluation.The introduction part from the theoretical and practical significance are discussed thesignificance of the topic, basic views on moral evaluation from the moral evaluation standard,method, object and other aspects of the thinkers at all times and in all countries, especially thespecific analysis of the current college students’ moral evaluation ability present situation and theexistence question, elaborated the present paper research methods and innovations.The first part mainly in the integrated Chinese and foreign thinkers of the basic issues ofmoral evaluation, summed up the meaning of moral evaluation, moral evaluation and moralevaluation ability, and combined with the moral education in college ideological and practical,and to promote the two aspects of social progress summarizes the current cultivation of moralevaluation of the significance of college students’ ability from the students’ development: toimprove the moral quality of college students, is conducive to promoting the harmonious interpersonal relationship, to carry forward the spirit of campus culture.The second part discusses the current moral education from the whole aspect has madecertain progress, but in the cultivation of moral evaluation capacity still exists many problems,mainly reflected in the lack of training idea and method of science. The main reason is becausethe university moral education work in the following aspects: lack of moral philosophy does notmeet the requirements of the times; the lack of cultivation of moral evaluation capacity; moraleducation system is not perfect; the moral education evaluation method is not scientific. Inaddition, factors and social factors of the college students values is also the cause of the problem.The third part, puts forward the countermeasures of college students’ moral evaluationcapacity: firstly, to achieve transformation of college moral education culture from knowledge toability, including the establishment of an important position in moral evaluation, moral educationsystem continues to be strong moral cognitive ability, practice ability raise moral evaluation;secondly, to set up the lofty moral consciousness and the evaluation of the correct moralconcepts, such as pay attention to the correct value view education, and guide students toestablish their own moral evaluation target, learn to be tolerant of others; thirdly, adhere to themoral evaluation method of moral evaluation standard and scientific correct, such as improvingthe ability to distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil, to emphasize the principle ofcollectivism, teach ethics of scientific evaluation method of moral evaluation standard; finally,optimizing the moral evaluation of college students’ ability of culture environment, including forcollege students to create a moral evaluation exercise the ability of various activities and social practice conditions, construction of campus culture, moral evaluation of the new position ofoccupying the network moral education.更多还原