【作者】 赵静；

【导师】 彭祚登；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 森林培育， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 刺槐是我国种植广泛,且具有适应力强、生长快等特点的燃料型树种,柠条、沙棘和沙枣也是重要的灌木燃料型能源树种。为探究这几个树种在作为燃料型能源资源开发中的能效与利用前景问题,论文以4个刺槐品种以及柠条、沙棘、沙枣为研究对象,主要研究了刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)、柠条(Caragana Korshinskii Kom.)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)和沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia L.)的枝、叶、皮、干、根的灰分、综纤维素、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、单宁、淀粉及可溶性糖等主要化学成分含量的变化动态及其与热值的关系,所得结论为今后刺槐等能源树种培育与选择提供了重要依据。本研究主要取得结论如下：(1)4个刺槐品种、柠条、沙棘和沙枣的干重热值、灰分含量不同器官在不同密度下均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)；其热值大小叶、皮明显高于枝和干；刺槐品种灰分含量大小均为叶>皮>枝>干,柠条等灰分含量大小均为叶>根>皮>枝>干。(2)4个刺槐品种、柠条、沙棘和沙枣的综纤维素、粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量与干重热值的线性及LOWESS回归拟合R2值较小,与去灰分热值拟合效果较好；其单宁、淀粉、可溶性糖含量与干重热值、去灰分热值的线性及LOWESS回归拟合效果均不理想；几个树种各化学成分与热值之间均无明显变化规律。(3)几个树种的灰分含量与去灰分热值均呈极显著的正相关关系,综纤维素含量与去灰分热值均呈极显著的负相关关系；其粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量大多与去灰分热值呈显著／极显著正相关关系；其单宁、淀粉、可溶性糖含量与去灰分热值相关性均不显著。(4)几个树种中四倍体刺槐、香花槐、柠条的多元回归拟合极显著(P<0.01)；速生槐、普通刺槐的多元回归拟合显著(P<0.05)；沙棘的多元回归方程拟合不显著；沙枣因测定数据量太少,未能成功拟合出相应的回归方程。(5)以4个刺槐品种、柠条、沙棘和沙枣的去灰分热值为样品空间,灰分及6个化学成分为变量,进行主成分分析,都得到了贡献率较高的主成分表达式,所反映的综合因子情况与上述得到的结论一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 Robinia pseudoacacia is a widely planted tree species which had strong adaptability, fast growth and other characteristics in our country, and it was widely used as a type of fuel energy tree species in recent years. Caragana korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Elaeagnus angustifolia L. were also important shrub type fuel energy tree species. In order to do further research on these energy tree species, mainly studies the research object in this paper, Ash, holocellulose, crude protein, crude fat, tannins, starch and soluble sugar contents of the branch, leaves,bark,trunk, as well as the relationships between these chemical compositions and calorific values were studied in this paper. What we concluded provide important basis for the cultivation and selection of the energy tree species in the future.The main results were as follows:(1) Gross calorric values and ash contents of different organs in different densities were significantly different(P<0.01).The caloric values of leaves,bark were significantly higher than the branch and trunk. The order of ash contents amount of Robinia species were leaves>bark>branch> trunk and leaves> root> branch> trunk> bark of the korshinskii et al.(2) Linear relationships and LOWESS regressions between holocellulose, crude protein, crude fat contents and gross calorric values had small fitting R2values,but better effect with ash-free calorific values.The linear relationships and LOWESS regressions between tannins, starch, soluble sugar contents and gross calorric values, ash-free calorific values were not satisfying. The chemical compositions and calorific values had no obvious changing laws of these tree species.(3) Ash-free calorific values were very significant positive correlated with ash contents of these tree species,and significant negative with holocelluIose(P<0.01). Its crude protein, crude fat contents were significant positive correlated with ash-free calorific values.The correlations between tannins, starch, soluble sugar contents and ash-free calorific values were not significant.(4) The regression equations between the caloric values and chemical compositions were very significant of Tetraploid Robinia, Robinia pseudoacacia cv.idaho and Caragana Korshinskii (P<0.01).Fittings of multiple regression equation were significant of Rapid growing Robinia and Robinia (P<0.05).The regression equation of Hippophae rhamnoides was not significant.There was no relevant regression equation of Elaeagnus angustifolia because of insufficient determining datas.(5)We take ash-free calorific value as the ash sample space, ash content and other six chemical compositions as the variables used for principal component analysis.Then principal component expressions of higher contribution rates are got, and the comprehensive factors which reflecting are in accordance with the above conclusions.更多还原