【作者】 王岩；

【导师】 赵宏宇；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 在长期的语言研究中,照应作为衔接理论的一部分,大多作为修辞手段使用或研究,很少有人把它们作为一种专门的语言现象加以系统研究。1976年韩礼德和哈桑合著的《英语中的衔接》一书的出版标志着衔接理论的创立。韩礼德将衔接划分为语法衔接和词汇衔接两大类：语法手段和词汇手段。至此,作为衔接理论中语法手段的照应才受到语言学界的关注。然而,目前基于照应理论的研究多以文学作品为对象,应用文体的分析较少。本文以英汉海事新闻为研究对象,比较两种新闻语篇中照应用法的异同,以期对英汉语篇分析,阅读及写作教学和翻译有所帮助。为便于研究,本文建立了英汉海事新闻语料库,同时,为保证研究结果的科学性,研究过程中借助了CLAWS, WordSmith等统计软件。研究结果表明：英汉海事新闻语篇均运用大量的照应手段,但在英语海事语篇中,人称照应使用最为频繁,而在汉语海事语篇中,出现较多的则是比较照应和指示照应。具体来说,(1)在人称照应中,英文中出现次数最多的是it,而中文则是“我们”。此外,汉语海事新闻里其出现也较多,但最显著的差异在于中文语篇中零照应的用法。(2)在指示照应中,最大的差别在英语中“the”作为指示词的用法,而在汉语中则无对应项。此外,this/that与这／那也并非一一对应。(3)在比较照应中,英语中借助形容词和副词形态上的变化来实现比较的含义,而中文则通过词汇和句法的手段实现。以上研究结果将会丰富不同语篇关于照应理论的研究,同时对海事英语的教学及翻译具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the long-term language study, reference, as a part of the cohesion theory, is mostly employed or studied as a rhetoric device, and few scholars regard it as a kind of specialized language phenomenon to study. In1976, the publication of Cohesion in English by Halliday and Hasan marks the establishment of cohesion theory. Halliday divides cohesion into grammatical and lexical cohesion. Therefrom, reference, as a branch of grammatical cohesion, has received growing attention from linguists.Nevertheless, most of the reference studies are conducted.on literature work, and the analyses on specific genre are relatively rare. This thesis attempts to employ English and Chinese maritime news texts as research objects and makes comparison of reference usage between the two languages, in the hope that it may facilitate text analysis, reading, writing teaching and translation in English and Chinese texts. For the convenience of study, English and Chinese maritime news corpora are built and the data is subject to qualitative analysis. In addition, CLAWS, WordSmith and other tools are used in the research so as to make the output more objective and scientific.Research results show that a large number of reference devices are employed in English and Chinese maritime news texts. However, personal reference is more frequently used in English texts, and comparative reference and demonstrative reference appear more frequently in Chinese texts. Specifically,(1) in the personal references, it is the most widely used, conversely, the word frequency of我们is at the top in Chinese texts. Besides, there is a large number of其appearing in Chinese maritime news, but the most significant difference is the usage of zero reference in Chinese.(2) in the demonstrative reference, the employment of the displays the significant difference between English and Chinese texts. Moreover, there is no corresponding item in Chinese. In addition, this/that and这/那are not necessarily one-to-one.(3) in the comparative reference, the contrastive meaning is realized by virtue of the change in morphology of adjectives and adverbs in English texts. However, Chinese generally expresses contrastive meaning by the lexical and syntactic means. On the basis of above findings, it is hoped that the present research may enrich the studies on reference theory in various texts and provide guidance for teaching and translation of maritime English to some extent.更多还原