【作者】 白冰；

【导师】 唐华风；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 松辽盆地南部深层火山岩气藏储集空间类型多样，具有繁杂的组合方式。地质资料揭示火山岩储层的有效性主要受控于次生孔隙。明确火山岩次生孔隙的形成演化有利于火山岩有利储层的定位，从而促进火山岩气藏的勘探开发进程。本文利用岩芯、岩屑资料开展岩性校正岩相划分工作，测井孔隙度、实测孔渗等资料开展火山岩储层物性分析，岩芯、井壁取芯资料开展镜下鉴定、扫描电镜及能谱分析、X衍射分析，最终明确研究区火山岩岩性岩相特征、储集空间类型、成岩作用类型、开放-半开放体系下的储层形成演化阶段。同时结合测井、地震资料开展埋藏史研究，对典型井区进行火山岩储层演化序列的解剖分析。得出如下认识：火山岩储集空间可分为原生孔隙、次生孔隙、裂缝三类9个亚类。在孔隙的关系上，原生孔隙与次生孔隙的发育具有继承性。储集空间的分布受岩性岩相、成岩方式控制。火山岩成岩作用类型可分为挥发分逸出、熔蚀作用、熔结作用、压实胶结作用、充填作用、压实压溶作用、交代作用、脱玻化重结晶作用和溶蚀作用共9种成岩作用。火山岩储层演化可分为埋藏前阶段和埋藏阶段两个大的阶段。其中埋藏前阶段又可分为冷凝固结成岩（压实胶结）阶段、岩浆期后热液阶段、风化淋滤阶段；埋藏阶段可分为浅埋藏阶段（0-1000（±200）m，古地温0-80（±10）℃）、中埋藏阶段（1000-2500m，古地温80（±10）-140℃）、晚埋藏阶段（＞2500m，古地温＞160℃）。埋藏前阶段火山岩主要发育原生孔隙；埋藏阶段火山岩受到各类成岩作用的综合作用，对于储层的影响为改造原生孔隙并产生次生孔隙，中埋藏阶段（泉头期-青山口期）的有机酸排出导致的溶蚀作用是火山岩储层存在异常高孔带的原因。研究表明火山岩储层在开放-半开放体系下粘土矿物的种类及含量与沉积岩具有一定的对比性，如蒙脱石随埋深增加逐渐转变为混层矿物。但火山岩粘土矿物含量高于沉积岩，这是由于火山岩含有大量不稳定物质，埋藏过程中蚀变形成大量粘土矿物。更多还原

【Abstract】 The void spacetypes and combination pattern of deep volcanic rocks gas pool arecomplex in the southern Songliao Basin, NE China. The geological data reveals thatthe volcanic reservoir effectiveness is controlled by secondary pores.It is beneficial tolocate the favorable volcanic reservoir and promote the process of exploration anddevelopment of volcanic gas pool that definite the formation and evolution ofvolcanic secondary pores.Through volcanic lithology correction and volcanicfacies classification based onthe core and debris, the volcanic physical properties analysis based on the measuredporosity and permeability, logging porosity, thin section identification, ScanningElectron Microscope(SEM)and energy spectrum analysis, X-ray diffraction analysisbased on the core and sidewall core, have a study on the deep volcanic rocks such ascharacteristics of lithology and facies, types of void space, types of diagenesis andreservoir formation and evolution stage within open and semi-open system in thesouthern Songliao Basin.Combining with burial history based on the logging data andseismic data, analyze the the formation and evolution of the typical well area volcanicreservoir in southern of Songliao Basin.The mainconclusions isas following:The types ofvolcanic void spaceincludeprimary pores, secondary pores andfractures which can be classified into9subtypes further.The relationship betweenprimary pores and secondary pores is inherited. The types of volcanic void spacearecontrolled by the lithology and facies, diagenetic models. The types of diagenesis isclassified into vaporization of volatile matter, corrosion, welding, compaction, filling,mechanical impaction and pressure solution, metasomatism, devitrification andrecrystallization, dissolution.The formation and evolution of volcanic reservoir can be classified into twostage: pre-burial stage and burial stage.The pre-burial stage is classified into3phases:condensation(compaction) phase, hydrothermal phase, weathering and leaching phase.The burial stage is classified into early burial stage (0-1000(±200)m, paleogeo-temperature:0-80(±10)℃), middle burial stage (1000-2500m, paleogeotemperature: 80(±10)-140℃), late burial stage (＞2500m, paleogeotemperature:＞160℃).Thepre-burial stage mainly influences the development of primary pores,the burial stagemainly influences the development of secondarypores and reconstruction of primarypores. The dissolution caused by release of organic acids during middle stage (periodfrom Quantou stage to Qingshankou stage) is the reason that volcanic reservoir formabnormal high porosity zone.The research suggests that the typs and content of clay inthe volcanic reservoir (openand semi-open system) can be compared with sedimentaryreservoir in some ways such as montmorillonitealters tomixed layer clay when burialdepth increases. The content of clay in volcanic reservoir is higher compared with thesedimentary reservoir because the unsatable minerals of volcanic rocks generateagreat quantity of clay during burial stage.更多还原