【作者】 张敏；

【导师】 傅筱； 周凌；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 建筑学（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 南京市祖堂山儿童福利院是笔者实习所在的集筑建筑工作室所做的方案设计。在设计过程中发现,这种类型的建筑设计在国内并没有形成完整的资料体系,这对涉及到此类项目的设计人员来说显得无从下手。正值国家大力扶植福利事业,将会有一批此类项目被建造起来,所以这激起了笔者整理这方案的研究兴趣。本文首先将儿童福利院分为四种类型,即：功能单一,布局分散；功能集中,布局分散；功能单一,布局集中；功能集中,布局集中。由于我国的孤残儿童基数很大,数量很多,较小的场地并不能满足设施的建立,所以大部分大型的儿童福利院均选址于离城区较远的地方。建筑人员常常结合郊外的地形进行建筑设计,又由于建筑功能复杂,很多建筑被单独分散开来,对于身体残疾的儿童来说,从生活区到教育,医疗等区域距离较长,使用起来非常不便,而且这样对管理人员来说也增加了很多工作量。对于大型的儿童福利院这是不可避免的重要问题,由于即将建成的大批儿童福利院都是将场地选址十郊外,所以笔者这次主要针对这种类型进行研究。分别从儿童福利院管理者角度和儿童自身角度的使用情况做了研究,论述了儿童福利院在郊外场地功能集中,布局分散的必要性。从管理者角度,主要的研究的对象就是如何提高管理人员的工作效率。由于各种不同功能的分区不同,儿童福利院的规模又很大,所以不可避免的出现流线长的问题。那么由此知道工作人员的活动承受距离的舒适值,就对规划各功能的分散程度有重要的指导意义。由此会引入步行距离的概念。本文参考了已有文献中人的步行距离较易接受的舒适值来指导规划。由于各种残疾儿童的日常行为活动范围和能力都受到不同程度的限制,所以各种儿童用房如何功能分区更显的尤为重要。从上面提及的功能单一,布局分散式布局来说,生活空间与教育培训空间,康复空间都存在着空间上的距离,对于儿童使用上来说存在着障碍。这是由于孤残儿童的特殊性所造成的,也是福利院建筑设计应该解决的主要问题。因此,应当将将各种功能区当成一个整体来规划设计,尽量采用集中式,这样有利于各种功能区之间的联系,这样在保证儿童在生活,教育还有康复活动的顺利方便进行的同时,也便于管理者的管理,提高了护理的质量和效率,还提高了孤残儿童活动的安全性,和儿童的归属感。最后借助南京市祖堂山儿童福利院项目进行了方案设计的研究,项目选址于南京市祖堂山社会福利院老人养护楼组团东侧。项目所处地形比较复杂,主要为丘陵地,高低落差较大东西长约235米,南北长约408米。笔者主要从规划层面上对设计进行了系统的研究。将儿童生活区与儿童教育、康复、培训、医疗等功能集中放置在一起,用环状走廊连接。将办公、后勤等功能分散排布。从中发现很多问题,也给予了相应的解决办法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nanjing ancestral mountain orphanage is the author of internship where the set of built architecture studio made design. In the design process found that this type of architectural design in the country and did not form a complete information system, which is involved in such projects designers who seem not start. Positive state strongly support welfare, there will be a number of such projects to be built up, so it has provoked the author finishing this program’s research interests.This article first will Children’s Welfare Institute be divided into four kinds types, namely:features a single, scattered layout; functions concentrated, scattered layout; features a single, layout of the centralized; functions concentrated, the layout centralized. As China’s orphans and disabled children large base, the number of many smaller venue does not meet the facility’s creation, so most of the large orphanage complex are located away from the city distant places. Construction workers are often combined with suburban terrain architectural design, but also because building functional complexity, many buildings are individually spread out, for physically disabled children, from the living area to the education, health care and other regional long distance, very inconvenient to use, and such of the management staff is also increased a lot workload. For large orphanage which is unavoidable important issue, because the forthcoming completion of a large number of children in the orphanage are the venues located in the suburbs, so I this time focused on this type of research. Respectively, from the child welfare administrators angle and children’s own perspective usage do the research, discusses the orphanage on the outskirts of venues feature set, scattered layout necessity.Finally With Nanjing City Tso and Tong Hill Child orphanage project was carried out scheme design research, project siting Yu Nanjing City ancestral Doyama Social Welfare Institute for the elderly conservation of Floor, formed a delegation eastern side of. Project in which terrain is more complex, mainly for hilly, high and low larger gap stuff length of about235m, north and south length of about408m. I mainly from the planning level, the design of the system. Will children’s lives Ou and Children education, rehabilitation, training, medical and other functions centralize be placed together, with ring-shaped corridor connection. The office, logistics and other functions decentralized arrangement. From which the found that lot of problems, has also given a the corresponding solutions.更多还原